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Samples of three GPS satellites' orbits over a five-year period (2013 to 2018) USA-242 · USA-239 · USA-151 · Earth As of 19 December 2024, 83 Global Positioning System navigation satellites have been built: 30 are launched and operational, 1 is launched and undergoing the commissioning process, 3 are in reserve or testing, 43 are retired, 2 were lost during launch, and 1 prototype was never ...
Based on data received from multiple GPS satellites, an end user's GPS receiver can calculate its own four-dimensional position in spacetime; However, at a minimum, four satellites must be in view of the receiver for it to compute four unknown quantities (three position coordinates and the deviation of its own clock from satellite time). [80]
The United States' Global Positioning System (GPS) consists of up to 32 medium Earth orbit satellites in six different orbital planes. The exact number of satellites varies as older satellites are retired and replaced. Operational since 1978 and globally available since 1994, GPS is the world's most utilized satellite navigation system.
The GPS satellite constellation is now operated by the 2nd Space Operations Squadron (2SOPS) of Space Delta 8, United States Space Force. The GPS satellites circle the Earth at an altitude of about 20,000 km (12,427 miles) and complete two full orbits every day. [2]
Broadcasting from 18 GPS satellites; Scheduled to be available on 24 GPS satellites by approximately 2027; The L5 band provides additional robustness in the form of interference mitigation, the band being internationally protected, redundancy with existing bands, geostationary satellite augmentation, and ground-based augmentation.
The GPS Operational Control Segment (OCS), consisting of a worldwide network of satellite operations centers, ground antennas and monitoring stations, provides Command and Control (C2) capabilities for GPS Block II satellites. [60] The latest update to the GPS OCS, Architectural Evolution Plan 7.5, was operationally accepted in 2019. [61]
The GPS constellation calls for 24 satellites to be distributed equally among six orbital planes. Notice how the number of satellites in view from a given point on the Earth's surface, in this example at 40°N, changes with time. A satellite constellation is a group of artificial satellites working together as a system.
This is a list of satellites in geosynchronous orbit (GSO). These satellites are commonly used for communication purposes, such as radio and television networks, back-haul, and direct broadcast. Traditional global navigation systems do not use geosynchronous satellites, but some SBAS navigation satellites do.