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Intraspecific diversity, the variety of alleles within a single species, also offers us a choice in our diets. If a crop fails in a monoculture, we rely on agricultural diversity to replant the land with something new. If a wheat crop is destroyed by a pest we may plant a hardier variety of wheat the next year, relying on intraspecific diversity.
For cultivation, environmental approval determines whether a crop can be legally grown. Separate approval is generally required to use GM crops in food for human consumption or as animal feed. [2] [3] GM crops were first planted commercially on a large scale in 1996, in the US, China, Argentina, Canada, Australia, and Mexico. [1]
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The wise use of crop genetic diversity in plant breeding and genetic modification can also contribute significantly to protecting the biodiversity in crops. Crop varieties can be genetically modified to resist specific pests and diseases. For example, a gene from the soil bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) produces a natural insecticide toxin.
The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) reports every year on the total area of GM crop varieties planted in the United States. [ 231 ] [ 232 ] According to National Agricultural Statistics Service , the states published in these tables represent 81–86 percent of all corn planted area, 88–90 percent of all soybean planted area ...
Print/export Download as PDF; Printable version; In other projects ... This is a partial list of varieties of maize that have been modified. BASF. DK404SR is a ...
Mutation breeding, sometimes referred to as "variation breeding", is the process of exposing seeds to chemicals, radiation, or enzymes [1] [2] in order to generate mutants with desirable traits to be bred with other cultivars.
Corn, one crop for which HYV seeds have been created. High-yielding varieties (abbreviated as HYVs) of agricultural crops are varieties of crops that are usually characterized by a combination of the following traits in contrast to the conventional ones: Higher crop yield per unit area; Higher quality of crops; Improved response to fertilizers