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Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) has been shown to be effective for reducing premenstrual symptoms in women with (retrospectively-reported) PMS. [11] CBT is an evidence-based approach for treating depression and focuses on the link between mood, thoughts, and actions to help women address current issues and symptoms.
Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is a disruptive set of emotional and physical symptoms that regularly occur in the one to two weeks before the start of each menstrual period. [ 4 ] [ 5 ] Symptoms resolve around the time menstrual bleeding begins. [ 4 ]
In women with bipolar disorder, especially bipolar II disorder, premenstrual syndrome and premenstrual dysphoric disorder are common. [16] For those women who experience these premenstrual conditions, bipolar affective symptoms and mood swings may be more severe.
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Psychomotor agitation is typically found in various mental disorders, especially in psychotic and mood disorders. It can be a result of drug intoxication or withdrawal. It can also be caused by severe hyponatremia. People with existing psychiatric disorders and men under the age of 40 are at a higher risk of developing psychomotor agitation. [2]
Hormonal therapies to reduce or stop menstrual bleeding have long been used to manage a number of gynecologic conditions including menstrual cramps (dysmenorrhea), heavy menstrual bleeding, irregular or other abnormal uterine bleeding, menstrual-related mood changes (premenstrual syndrome or premenstrual dysphoric disorder), and pelvic pain due to endometriosis or uterine fibroids.
Mood swings in Premenstrual symptoms (PMS): Episodically at mild to severe degree in the menses period, occur gradually or rapidly, [49] start 7 days before and decrease at the onset of menses. [50] Characterized by angry outbursts, depression, anxiety, confusion, irritability or social withdrawal. [51]
Women with personal or family histories of mood disorders are at particularly high risk of developing postpartum depression. [21] Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) is a severe and disabling form of premenstrual syndrome affecting 3–8% of menstruating women. [22]