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The physical-layer specifications of the Ethernet family of computer network standards are published by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), which defines the electrical or optical properties and the transfer speed of the physical connection between a device and the network or between network devices.
uncoded on-the-wire bit pattern transmitted from left to right (used by Ethernet variants transmitting serial bits instead of larger symbols) [1]: sections 4.2.5 and 3.2.2 10101010 10101010 10101010 10101010 10101010 10101010 10101010 10101011 decimal in Ethernet LSb-first ordering [1]: sections 3.2.2, 3.3 and 4.2.6 85 85 85 85 85 85 85 213
The core layers contain (k/2) 2 core switches where each of the core switches is connected to one aggregate layer switch in each of the pods. The fat tree topology can offer up to 1:1 oversubscription ratio and full bisection bandwidth, [ 3 ] depending on each rack's total bandwidth versus the bandwidth available at the tree's highest levels.
TDMA frame structure showing a data stream divided into frames and those frames divided into time slots. Time-division multiple access (TDMA) is a channel access method for shared-medium networks. It allows several users to share the same frequency channel by dividing the signal into different time slots. [1]
This layer is the protocol layer that transfers data between nodes on a network segment across the physical layer. [2] The data link layer provides the functional and procedural means to transfer data between network entities and may also provide the means to detect and possibly correct errors that can occur in the physical layer.
The network layer provides the means of transferring variable-length network packets from a source to a destination host via one or more networks. Within the service layering semantics of the OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) network architecture, the network layer responds to service requests from the transport layer and issues service requests to the data link layer.
The IEEE 802.2 standard specifies the LLC sublayer for all IEEE 802 local area networks, such as IEEE 802.3/Ethernet (when Ethernet II frame format is not used), IEEE 802.5, and IEEE 802.11. IEEE 802.2 is also used in some non-IEEE 802 networks such as FDDI .
A weighted network is a network where the ties among nodes have weights assigned to them. A network is a system whose elements are somehow connected. [1] The elements of a system are represented as nodes (also known as actors or vertices) and the connections among interacting elements are known as ties, edges, arcs, or links.