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With improvements in HIV therapy, several studies now estimate that patients on treatment in high-income countries can expect a normal life expectancy. [ 69 ] [ 70 ] This means that a higher proportion of people living with HIV are now older and research is ongoing into the unique aspects of HIV infection in the older adult.
Although HIV PrEP medications are only available in oral tablet and injectable formulations, other formulations are being developed and studied. The emerging treatments expand HIV prevention strategies for women. For example, a vaginal gel formulation of tenofovir and an intravaginal ring releasing dapivirine are under investigation for ...
The use of antiretroviral therapies have decreased the risk of early mortality and improved the quality of life for people who are HIV-positive. A significant increase in the use of these medications have been seen over the years, from an estimated 7.7 million people receiving these antiretrovirals therapies in 2010, to approximately 24.5 million estimated people worldwide in 2018. [9]
The abbreviation PrEP now typically refers to pre-exposure prophylaxis for HIV prevention, the use of antiviral drugs as a strategy for the prevention of HIV/AIDS. [2] PrEP is one of a number of HIV prevention strategies for people who are HIV negative but who have a higher risk of acquiring HIV, including sexually active adults at increased risk of contracting HIV, people who engage in ...
The HIV-1 virus has proved to be tenacious, inserting its genome permanently into patients' DNA, forcing patients to take a lifelong drug regimen to control the virus and prevent a fresh attack. Now, a team of Temple University School of Medicine researchers have designed a way to "snip out" the integrated HIV-1 genes for good.
Scientists have long known that people living with HIV face a higher risk of heart disease. The drug pitavastatin, however, might offer a solution. HIV patients face double the risk of heart disease.
Universal precautions within the health care environment are believed to be effective in decreasing the risk of HIV. [141] Intravenous drug use is an important risk factor, and harm reduction strategies such as needle-exchange programs and opioid substitution therapy appear effective in decreasing this risk. [142] [143]
Risky sexual behavior includes unprotected intercourse, multiple sexual partners, and illicit drug use. [1] [2] [10] The use of alcoholic drinks and illicit drugs greatly increases the risk of gonorrhea, chlamydia, trichomoniasis, hepatitis B, and HIV/AIDS. [2] Trauma from penile-anal sex has been identified as a risky sexual behavior. [11]