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Nail clubbing - nails that curve down around the fingertips with nailbeds that bulge is associated with oxygen deprivation and lung, heart, or liver disease. Koilonychia - spooning, or nails that grow upwards. Associated with iron-deficiency anaemia or vitamin B 12 deficiency. [citation needed] Pitting of the nails is associated with psoriasis.
Anonychia is the failure to form fingernails or toenails. [ 1 ] It is an anomaly which may be the result of a congenital ectodermal defect, ichthyosis , severe infection, severe allergic contact dermatitis , self-inflicted trauma , Raynaud phenomenon , lichen planus , epidermolysis bullosa , or severe exfoliative diseases.
There are several causes of Beau's lines. It is believed that there is a temporary cessation of cell division in the nail matrix.This may be caused by an infection or problem in the nail fold, where the nail begins to form, or it may be caused by an injury to that area.
When the distal phalanges (bones nearest the fingertips) of corresponding fingers of opposite hands are directly opposed (place fingernails of same finger on opposite hands against each other, nail to nail), a small diamond-shaped "window" is normally apparent between the nailbeds. If this window is obliterated, the test is positive and ...
Onychomadesis is a periodic idiopathic shedding of the nails beginning at the proximal end, possibly caused by the temporary arrest of the function of the nail matrix. [1]: 784 [2]: 660 One cause in children is hand, foot, and mouth disease. [3] This generally resolves without complication.
Causes [ edit ] Growing older or having poor biomechanics , which are more common in the elderly (e.g., toes that overlap and underlap; incompatibility between the foot and the shoe; or digiti flexi, which is characterized by contracted toes due to toe buckling caused by shortening of the controlling muscles), may be contributing factors.
Nail psoriasis can affect the fingernails and toenails. It may cause thickening of the nails with areas of pitting, ridges, irregular contour, and even raising of the nail from the nail bed. [16] Squamous-cell carcinoma is mainly cancer of the skin, but can also affect the nail bed. It is a rare malignant subungual tumor subject to misdiagnosis ...
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a common bacterial cause of green nail syndrome. Green nail syndrome is caused when the nail is exposed to a bacterial organism, which leads to opportunistic infection. [9] Pseudomonas aeruginosa, the most common cause but not the only one, [10] is frequently found in nature including in water sources, humans, animals ...