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For children younger than eight weeks of age (and possibly in utero), a tethered cord may be observed using ultrasonography. Ultrasonography may still be useful through age 5 in limited circumstances. [15] MRI imaging appears to be the gold standard for diagnosing a tethered cord. [16] [17] A tethered cord is often diagnosed as a "low conus".
This can actually cause Scoliosis as well as most of the other symptoms of the more typical tethered cord. This can be diagnosed the same way with the CINE MRI and by checking symptoms. Be aware that this is a fairly newly recognized syndrome. In many areas, doctors simply do not have the time to stay up on these types of advances.
Diastematomyelia is a "dysraphic state" of unknown embryonic origin, but is probably initiated by an accessory neurenteric canal (an additional embryonic spinal canal.).) This condition may be an isolated phenomenon or may be associated with other segmental anomalies of the vertebral bodies such as spina bifida, kyphoscoliosis, butterfly vertebra, hemivertebra and block vertebrae which are ...
It is frequently co-morbid with atlanto-axial joint instability, Chiari malformation, [3] or tethered spinal cord syndrome. The condition can be brought on by physical trauma , including whiplash , laxity of the ligaments surrounding the joint, or other damage to the surrounding connective tissue.
Conversely, a lower motor neuron lesion affects nerve fibers traveling from the anterior horn of the spinal cord or the cranial motor nuclei to the relevant muscle(s). [ 1 ] Upper motor neuron lesions occur in the brain or the spinal cord as the result of stroke , multiple sclerosis , traumatic brain injury , cerebral palsy , atypical ...
The lumbar cistern is part of the subarachnoid space.It is the space within the thecal sac which extends from below the end of the spinal cord (the conus medularis), typically at the level of the first to second lumbar vertebrae down to tapering of the dura at the level of the second sacral vertebra.
Magnetic resonance myelography (MR myelography or MRI myelography) is a noninvasive medical imaging technique that can provide anatomic information about the subarachnoid space. It is a type of MRI examination that uses a contrast medium and magnetic resonance imaging scanner to detect pathology of the spinal cord , including the location of a ...
Caudal regression syndrome, or sacral agenesis (or hypoplasia of the sacrum), is a rare birth defect.It is a congenital disorder in which the fetal development of the lower spine—the caudal partition of the spine—is abnormal. [1]