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Schematic cross section of a pressurized caisson. In geotechnical engineering, a caisson (/ ˈ k eɪ s ən,-s ɒ n /; borrowed from French caisson 'box', from Italian cassone 'large box', an augmentative of cassa) is a watertight retaining structure [1] used, for example, to work on the foundations of a bridge pier, for the construction of a concrete dam, [2] or for the repair of ships.
Also called caissons, drilled shafts, drilled piers, cast-in-drilled-hole piles (CIDH piles) or cast-in-situ piles, a borehole is drilled into the ground, then concrete (and often some sort of reinforcing) is placed into the borehole to form the pile. Rotary boring techniques allow larger diameter piles than any other piling method and permit ...
The suction caissons are in many cases easier to install than piles, which must be driven (hammered) into the ground with a pile driver. [4] Mooring lines are usually attached to the side of the suction caisson at the optimal load attachment point, which must be calculated for each caisson. Once installed, the caisson acts much like a short ...
A 100-ton open caisson that was lowered more than a mile to the sea floor in attempts to stop the flow of oil in the Deepwater Horizon oil spill has been called a cofferdam. [citation needed] A cofferdam over 1 mile long was built to permit the construction of the Livingstone Channel in the Detroit River. [8] See main article at Stony Island.
Grade beam. A grade beam or grade beam footing is a component of a building's foundation. It consists of a reinforced concrete beam that transmits the load from a bearing wall into spaced foundations such as pile caps or caissons. [1]
Hollywood was once the ultimate goal for many working in the film industry. But between strikes, scandals, and sinister secrets being revealed, Tinseltown seems to be losing some of its sparkle.
A caisson system is sometimes placed at the cutting head to allow workers to operate the machine, [47] [48] although air pressure may reach elevated levels in the caisson, requiring workers to be medically cleared as "fit to dive" and able to operate pressure locks. [47] [48]
A pile or piling is a vertical structural element of a deep foundation, ... drilled shafts, and caissons. Piles are generally driven into the ground in situ; other ...