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The geological time scale (GTS), as defined by international convention, [3] depicts the large spans of time from the beginning of the Earth to the present, and its divisions chronicle some definitive events of Earth history. Earth formed around 4.54 billion years ago, approximately one-third the age of the universe, by accretion from the solar ...
This will cause the outer layers of the star to expand greatly, and the star will enter a phase of its life in which it is called a red giant. [ 121 ] [ 122 ] Within 7.5 billion years, the Sun will have expanded to a radius of 1.2 AU (180 × 10 ^ 6 km; 110 × 10 ^ 6 mi)—256 times its current size.
A high estimate for the time by which normal star formation ends in galaxies. [9] This marks the transition from the Stelliferous Era to the Degenerate Era; with too little free hydrogen to form new stars, all remaining stars slowly exhaust their fuel and die. [139] By this time, the universe will have expanded by a factor of approximately 10 ...
This time happens to correspond roughly to the time of the formation of the Solar System and the evolutionary history of life. Stelliferous Era: 150 Ma ~ 100 Ta [18] 20 ~ −0.99: 60 K ~ 0.03 K: The time between the first formation of Population III stars until the cessation of star formation, leaving all stars in the form of degenerate ...
Earth's rotation period relative to the fixed stars, called its stellar day by the International Earth Rotation and Reference Systems Service (IERS), is 86,164.0989 seconds of mean solar time , or 23 h 56 m 4.0989 s.
HD 189733 b forms around parent star HD 189733: the first planet to reveal the climate, organic constituencies, even colour (blue) of its atmosphere; 13.345 billion years (455 Mya): Vega, the fifth-brightest star in Earth's galactic neighbourhood, forms. 13.6–13.5 billion years (300-200 Mya): Sirius, the brightest star in the Earth's sky, forms.
French philosopher and mathematician René Descartes was the first to propose a model for the origin of the Solar System in his book The World, written from 1629 to 1633.. In his view, the universe was filled with vortices of swirling particles, and both the Sun and planets had condensed from a large vortex that had contracted, which he thought could explain the circular motion of the plane
According to evidence from radiometric dating and other sources, Earth formed about 4.54 billion years ago. [7] [8] [9] The current dominant theory of planet formation suggests that planets such as Earth form in about 50 to 100 million years but more recently proposed alternative processes and timescales have stimulated ongoing debate in the planetary science community. [10]