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  2. Extrapolation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extrapolation

    In mathematics, extrapolation is a type of estimation, beyond the original observation range, of the value of a variable on the basis of its relationship with another variable. It is similar to interpolation , which produces estimates between known observations, but extrapolation is subject to greater uncertainty and a higher risk of producing ...

  3. Uncertainty - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uncertainty

    Risk is a state of uncertainty, where some possible outcomes have an undesired effect or significant loss. Measurement of risk includes a set of measured uncertainties, where some possible outcomes are losses, and the magnitudes of those losses.

  4. Social complexity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_complexity

    In sociology, social complexity is a conceptual framework used in the analysis of society. In the sciences, contemporary definitions of complexity are found in systems theory , wherein the phenomenon being studied has many parts and many possible arrangements of the parts; simultaneously, what is complex and what is simple are relative and ...

  5. Sociology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sociology

    Sociology is the scientific study of human society that focuses on society, human social behavior, patterns of social relationships, social interaction, ...

  6. The Cambridge Dictionary of Sociology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Cambridge_Dictionary...

    The Cambridge Dictionary of Sociology is a dictionary of sociological terms published by Cambridge University Press and edited by Bryan S. Turner. There has only been one edition so far. The Board of Editorial Advisors is made up of: Bryan S. Turner, Ira Cohen, Jeff Manza, Gianfranco Poggi, Beth Schneider, Susan Silbey, and Carol Smart. In ...

  7. Agency (sociology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agency_(sociology)

    Agency has also been defined in the American Journal of Sociology as a temporally embedded process that encompasses three different constitutive elements: iteration, projectivity and practical evaluation. [3] Each of these elements is a component of agency as a whole.

  8. Emic and etic - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emic_and_etic

    An 'etic' account is a description of a behavior or belief by a social analyst or scientific observer (a student or scholar of anthropology or sociology, for example), in terms that can be applied across cultures; that is, an etic account attempts to be 'culturally neutral', limiting any ethnocentric, political or cultural bias or alienation by ...

  9. Mathematical model - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathematical_model

    A model is considered to be nonlinear otherwise. The definition of linearity and nonlinearity is dependent on context, and linear models may have nonlinear expressions in them. For example, in a statistical linear model, it is assumed that a relationship is linear in the parameters, but it may be nonlinear in the predictor variables.