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A cyclic model (or oscillating model) is any of several cosmological models in which the universe follows infinite, or indefinite, self-sustaining cycles. For example, the oscillating universe theory briefly considered by Albert Einstein in 1930 theorized a universe following an eternal series of oscillations, each beginning with a Big Bang and ending with a Big Crunch; in the interim, the ...
Conformal cyclic cosmology (CCC) is a cosmological model in the framework of general relativity and proposed by theoretical physicist Roger Penrose. [1] [2] [3] In CCC, the universe iterates through infinite cycles, with the future timelike infinity (i.e. the latest end of any possible timescale evaluated for any point in space) of each previous iteration being identified with the Big Bang ...
The Big Bounce hypothesis is a cosmological model for the origin of the known universe.It was originally suggested as a phase of the cyclic model or oscillatory universe interpretation of the Big Bang, where the first cosmological event was the result of the collapse of a previous universe.
The ekpyrotic universe (/ ˌ ɛ k p aɪ ˈ r ɒ t ɪ k /) [1] is a cosmological model of the early universe that explains the origin of the large-scale structure of the cosmos.The model has also been incorporated in the cyclic universe theory (or ekpyrotic cyclic universe theory), which proposes a complete cosmological history, both the past and future.
Big Rip – Cosmological model; Chronology of the universe – History and future of the universe; Cyclic model – Cosmological models involving indefinite, self-sustaining cycles; Entropy (arrow of time) – Use of the second law of thermodynamics to distinguish past from future
Alternative models, where the average expansion of the universe throughout its history does not hold, have been proposed under the notions of emergent spacetime, eternal inflation, and cyclic models. Vilenkin and Audrey Mithani have argued that none of these models escape the implications of the theorem. [8]
Some other multiverse concepts include twin-world models, cyclic theories, M-theory, and black-hole cosmology. The anthropic principle suggests that the existence of a multitude of universes, each with different physical laws, could explain the asserted appearance of fine-tuning of our own universe for conscious life.
Cyclic process – Carnot cycle – Double-slit experiment – Dynamic theory of gravity – Physics of music – Resonance – Sonoluminescence – Speed of light – Sunspot Mathematics of waves and cycles