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This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 10 January 2025. Gas in an atmosphere with certain absorption characteristics This article is about the physical properties of greenhouse gases. For how human activities are adding to greenhouse gases, see Greenhouse gas emissions. Greenhouse gases trap some of the heat that results when sunlight heats ...
The greenhouse effect on Earth is defined as: "The infrared radiative effect of all infrared absorbing constituents in the atmosphere.Greenhouse gases (GHGs), clouds, and some aerosols absorb terrestrial radiation emitted by the Earth’s surface and elsewhere in the atmosphere."
A 2-fold increase in CO 2 content changes the wavelengths ranges only slightly, and so this derivative is approximately constant along such an increase. Thus, a 2-fold increase in CO 2 content will reduce the radiation emitted by Earth by approximately: ln(2)*5 W/m 2 = 3.4 W/m 2. More generally, an increase by a factor c/c 0 gives: ln(c/c 0)*5 ...
The main greenhouse gas, water vapour, will increase in response to global warming and further enhance it. We calculate with confidence that: ...CO 2 has been responsible for over half the enhanced greenhouse effect; long-lived gases would require immediate reductions in emissions from human activities of over 60% to stabilise their ...
Distribution of global greenhouse gas emissions based on type of greenhouse gas (data from 2014) Carbon dioxide (CO 2) is the dominant emitted greenhouse gas, while methane (CH 4) emissions almost have the same short-term impact. [5] Nitrous oxide (N 2 O) and fluorinated gases (F-gases) play a lesser role in comparison.
The warming associated with increases in greenhouse gases originating from human activity is called the enhanced greenhouse effect. The atmospheric concentration of carbon dioxide has increased by more than 30% since the start of the industrial age and is higher now than at any time in at least the past 650,000 years.
The idealized greenhouse model is based on the fact that certain gases in the Earth's atmosphere, including carbon dioxide and water vapour, are transparent to the high-frequency solar radiation, but are much more opaque to the lower frequency infrared radiation leaving Earth's surface.
Another direct effect is the CO 2 fertilization effect. The increase in atmospheric concentrations of CO 2 causes a range of further effects of climate change on the environment and human living conditions. Carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas. It absorbs and emits infrared radiation at its two infrared-active vibrational frequencies.