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Green hydrogen (GH2 or GH 2) is hydrogen produced by the electrolysis of water, using renewable electricity. [1] [2] Production of green hydrogen causes significantly lower greenhouse gas emissions than production of grey hydrogen, which is derived from fossil fuels without carbon capture.
As of 2020, estimated costs of production are $1–1.80/kg for grey hydrogen and blue hydrogen, [177] and $2.50–6.80 for green hydrogen. [177] 94 million tonnes of grey hydrogen are produced globally using fossil fuels as of 2022, primarily natural gas, and are therefore a significant source of greenhouse gas emissions. [178] [179] [180] [181]
A closely related artificially produced form of hydrogen is green hydrogen which is produced from renewable energy sources such as wind or solar energy. Non-renewable forms of hydrogen include grey, brown, blue or black hydrogen which are obtained from the processing of fossil fuels. [5]
A 2022 Goldman Sachs analysis anticipates that globally green hydrogen will achieve cost parity with grey hydrogen by 2030, earlier if a global carbon tax is placed on gray hydrogen. [13] In terms of cost per unit of energy, blue and gray hydrogen will always cost more than the fossil fuels used in its production, while green hydrogen will ...
Ghasemi wholeheartedly believes all hydrogen production can be green by 2050, despite doubts from other industry leaders such as Exxon CEO Darren Woods, who also happens to be an Air Products client.
Illustrating inputs and outputs of steam reforming of natural gas, a process to produce hydrogen and CO 2 greenhouse gas that may be captured with CCS. Steam reforming or steam methane reforming (SMR) is a method for producing syngas (hydrogen and carbon monoxide) by reaction of hydrocarbons with water.
The provenance of hydrogen fuel varies – with green hydrogen (produced using renewable electricity) being significantly more environmentally friendly than brown hydrogen (produced by burning coal or lignite) or grey hydrogen (produced by steam heating natural gas). [6] [7] [8]
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