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  2. Multimap - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multimap

    Python provides a collections.defaultdict class that can be used to create a multimap. The user can instantiate the class as collections.defaultdict(list).

  3. Lazy initialization - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lazy_initialization

    Using a factory method to create instances of a class (factory method pattern) Storing the instances in a map, and returning the same instance to each request for an instance with same parameters (multiton pattern) Using lazy initialization to instantiate the object the first time it is requested (lazy initialization pattern)

  4. Python syntax and semantics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Python_syntax_and_semantics

    In Python, everything is an object, even classes. Classes, as objects, have a class, which is known as their metaclass. Python also supports multiple inheritance and mixins. The language supports extensive introspection of types and classes. Types can be read and compared—types are instances of type. The attributes of an object can be ...

  5. Singleton pattern - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Singleton_pattern

    Implementations of the singleton pattern ensure that only one instance of the singleton class ever exists and typically provide global access to that instance. Typically, this is accomplished by: Declaring all constructors of the class to be private, which prevents it from being instantiated by other objects

  6. Factory method pattern - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Factory_method_pattern

    In the above UML class diagram, the Creator class that requires a Product object does not instantiate the Product1 class directly. Instead, the Creator refers to a separate factoryMethod() to create a product object, which makes the Creator independent of the exact concrete class that is instantiated.

  7. Class (computer programming) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Class_(computer_programming)

    A class defines an implementation of an interface, and instantiating the class results in an object that exposes the implementation via the interface. [3] In the terms of type theory, a class is an implementation‍—‌a concrete data structure and collection of subroutines‍—‌while a type is an interface. Different (concrete) classes ...

  8. Instantiation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instantiation

    A modern concept similar to participation in classical Platonism; see the Theory of Forms; The instantiation principle, the idea that in order for a property to exist, it must be had by some object or substance; the instance being a specific object rather than the idea of it

  9. Associative array - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Associative_array

    The program can create a complete text representation of any group of objects by calling these methods, which are almost always already implemented in the base associative array class. [ 23 ] For programs that use very large data sets, this sort of individual file storage is not appropriate, and a database management system (DB) is required.