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  2. List of heads of state of Germany - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_heads_of_state_of...

    Germany was ruled by monarchs from the beginning of division of the Frankish Empire in August 843 to the dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire in August 1806. [1] [2] [3] During most of 19th century, independent German principalities were organized into various confederations, such as the Confederation of the Rhine dominated by Napoleon (1806-1913) and the German Confederation created by the ...

  3. List of German monarchs - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_German_monarchs

    The rulers of the eastern area thus called themselves rex Francorum ("king of the Franks"), rex Francorum orientalium ("king of the East Franks"), and later just rex. A reference to the "Germans", indicating the emergence of a German nation of some sort, did not appear until the eleventh century, when the pope referred to his enemy Henry IV as ...

  4. Family tree of German monarchs - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Family_tree_of_German_monarchs

    King of Germany r. 1152–1190 Holy Roman Emperor r. 1155–1190: Beatrice I 1143–1184 Countess of Burgundy: Conrad 1135–1195 Count Palatine of the Rhine: Judith of Hohenstaufen c. 1133 –1191: Henry Berengar 1136–1150 King of Germany r. 1147–1150: Frederick IV 1145–1167 Duke of Swabia: Irene Angelina c. 1181 –1208: Philip of ...

  5. List of heads of state and government who have been in exile

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_heads_of_state_and...

    West Germany Uganda: Shakhbut bin Sultan Al Nahyan: Ruler of Abu Dhabi Abu Dhabi: 1966–1970 Iran: Amin al-Hafiz: President of Syria Syria: 1966–2003 Lebanon Iraq: Salah al-Din al-Bitar: Prime Minister of Syria Syria: 1966–1980† Lebanon France: Constantine II: King of the Hellenes Greece: 1967–2013 Italy United Kingdom: Fernando ...

  6. Monarchy of Germany - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monarchy_of_Germany

    The Monarchy of Germany (the German Monarchy) was the system of government in which a hereditary monarch was the sovereign of the German Empire from 1871 to 1918. History [ edit ]

  7. List of German monarchs in 1918 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_German_monarchs_in...

    Nevertheless, the proclamations and Wilhelm II's abdication triggered a powerful domino effect: the same day a number of other princes stepped down, and within a week most monarchs in Germany had followed suit. The last to abdicate was King William II of Württemberg on 30 November 1918.

  8. Timeline of German history - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_German_history

    Conrad I the Younger of Germany, duke of Franconia, was elected king of East Francia by the rulers of the other East Frankish duchies, the so-called stem duchies of Bavaria, Saxony and Alamannia. 915: December: Berengar was crowned Holy Roman Emperor by the pope Pope John X. 918: 23 December

  9. List of the last monarchs in Europe - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_the_last_monarchs...

    Germany: Wilhelm II: Emperor of Germany, King of Prussia: 27 January 1859 15 June 1888 9 November 1918 Abdicated: 9 June 1941 [7] Greece: Constantine II: King of the Hellenes: 2 June 1940 6 March 1964 1 June 1973 Deposed: 10 January 2023 [8] Iceland: Christian X: King of Iceland: 26 September 1870 14 May 1912 17 June 1944 Republican ...