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Tropical cyclones are non-frontal, low-pressure systems that develop, within an environment of warm sea surface temperatures and little vertical wind shear aloft. [1] Within the Australian region, names are assigned from three pre-determined lists, to such systems, once they reach or exceed ten–minute sustained wind speeds of 65 km/h (40 mph), near the center, by either the Australian Bureau ...
The most intense tropical cyclone(s) in the Australian Region were cyclones Gwenda and Inigo. By 10-minute sustained wind speed, the strongest were Cyclone Orson, Cyclone Monica and Cyclone Marcus. Storms with an intensity of 920 hPa (27.17 inHg) or less are listed. Storm information was less reliably documented and recorded before 1985. [6]
Cyclone Mahina was the deadliest cyclone in recorded Australian history, and also potentially the most intense tropical cyclone ever recorded in the Southern Hemisphere. Mahina struck Bathurst Bay , Cape York Peninsula , colonial Queensland , on 4 March 1899, and its winds and enormous storm surge combined to kill more than 300 people.
Caused the most widespread cyclone damage in Western Australia's history. Destroyed a large portion of the Busselton Jetty. Affected Perth with the 3rd highest recorded wind gust in the city's history, 130 km/h (81 mph), and Fremantle with a 143 km/h (89 mph) gust. Fueled bushfires which killed 2 more people indirectly. [7] Jane: 1983: 9 January
Cyclone Marcus at peak intensity on 21 March 2018, over the Indian Ocean to the west of Australia. Category 5 severe tropical cyclones are tropical cyclones that reach Category 5 intensity on the Australian tropical cyclone intensity scale within the Australian region. They are by definition the strongest tropical cyclones that can form on Earth.
Cyclone Freddy in the Australian region and South-West Indian Ocean [12] [13] Highest Accumulated cyclone energy (ACE) index for a season: 570 during the 1997 Pacific typhoon season: January 19, 1997 – December 23, 1997: Northwest Pacific Ocean [14] Highest number of rapid intensification cycles for a tropical cyclone: 7: February 4, 2023 ...
Upon making landfall in Queensland as an extremely powerful Category 5 severe tropical cyclone on March 4, 1899, [16] Severe Tropical Cyclone Mahina produced a 40-foot storm surge, the highest ever recorded. The flooding killed 400–410 people, making it the deadliest cyclone in Australian history.
The cyclone is considered the worst cyclone to strike the Northern Territory of Australia prior to Cyclone Tracy in 1974. [9] [10] Prior to contemporary naming conventions, the storm became known as the "Great Hurricane". [11] 1898 Bushfire: Red Tuesday bushfires: 12 Two thousand buildings 1899 Cyclone: Cyclone Mahina: 300–410 1903 Cyclone ...