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Sustainable automotive air conditioning is the subject of a debate – also known as the Cool War – about the next-generation refrigerant in car air conditioning. An advocacy group, The Alliance for CO 2 Solutions , supports the uptake of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) as a refrigerant in passenger cars, and the chemical industry is developing new ...
The 117 series was designed to be operated in 6-car configurations, with a 2:1 ratio of powered cars to trailer cars. At the time the 117 series were being introduced, this was JNR's standard configuration. In later years, 4-car configurations with a powered car to trailer car ratio of 1:1 and 8-car configurations with a ratio of 3:1 were being ...
The car was fitted with an underfloor generator set in addition to the standard axle-driven generator; both were used to supply power to the air conditioning system (the first South Australian Railways vehicle to be so fitted) and kitchen refrigeration.
HST coaches take an industrial voltage/frequency 3-phase supply directly from an auxiliary alternator in the power car to supply on-board equipment such as air conditioning; loco-hauled vehicles take a standard 1000 V DC or single-phase AC train heat supply from the locomotive and convert it through motor generator units under the floor. These ...
HVAC (Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning) equipment needs a control system to regulate the operation of a heating and/or air conditioning system. [1] Usually a sensing device is used to compare the actual state (e.g. temperature) with a target state. Then the control system draws a conclusion what action has to be taken (e.g. start the ...
These units are electric-powered using a pantograph installed on the central carriage. Additionally, the Nuria trains have a second pantograph in the front car to remove ice and snow from the overhead wires on colder seasons. Between 2020 and 2022, the two trains from the Núria line have been transferred to the Montserrat line.
The 1992 Stock was built by British Rail Engineering Limited (BREL) (under ABB) for the Central line following extensive testing of the three 1986 tube stock prototype trains. [6] Eighty-five 8-car trains were ordered from BREL, each formed of four two-car units (two units had driving cabs, the others were fitted with shunting controls). [6]
The center console of a Volkswagen Passat featuring a floor mounted gear selector. The center console of a Tesla Model X featuring a touch screen display.. The center console (American English) or centre console in an automobile consists of the control-bearing surfaces in the center of the front of the vehicle interior.