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In an external cavity (EC) quantum cascade laser, the quantum cascade device serves as the laser gain medium. One, or both, of the waveguide facets has an anti-reflection coating that defeats the optical cavity action of the cleaved facets. Mirrors are then arranged in a configuration external to the QC device to create the optical cavity.
In a standard multiple quantum well laser, the active quantum wells used to generate photons are connected in parallel. Consequently, a large current is required to replenish each active well with electrons as it emits light. In a cascade laser, the wells are connected in series, meaning that the voltage is higher but the current is lower.
Maxion's quantum cascade laser and interband cascade laser lines were integrated into Thorlabs's TQE facility. [22] In January 2013, Thorlabs purchased the iGuide optical fiber product line from IRphotonics, relocating production from Montreal to company headquarters in Newton.
In 2002, Daniel Hofstetter, Mattias Beck and Jérôme Faist reported the first ever use of an InGaAs/InAlAs quantum-cascade-laser structure for photodetection at room temperature. The specific detectivity of the device was shown to be comparable to the detectivity of more established detectors at the time, such as QWIPs or HgCdTe detectors. [ 13 ]
Laser types with distinct laser lines are shown above the wavelength bar, while below are shown lasers that can emit in a wavelength range. The height of the lines and bars gives an indication of the maximal power/pulse energy commercially available, while the color codifies the type of laser material (see the figure description for details).
The longest wavelength lasers rely on the quantum-cascade laser design. The story of the origin of the quantum-well concept, its experimental verification, and the invention of the quantum-well laser is told by Henry in more detail in the foreword to "Quantum Well Lasers," ed. by Peter S. Zory, Jr. [1]
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The spectroscopy is based on semiconductor quantum cascade laser frequency combs [1] [2] in the mid-infrared wavelength range. The company is based in Zurich , Switzerland and was founded in 2014 and acquired by Sensirion Holding in May 2021.