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At the beginning of the 20th century, Russia played a key role in establishing Mongolia's independence from China. [1] To honor this contribution, the Order of the Vajra (translated as the “Order of the Precious Rod”) was created for Mongolian nobility and foreigners, the latter were almost exclusively Russians. [1]
A map of Dzungaria, brought to Sweden by Johan Gustaf Renat. Mongolian manuscript maps usually mapped administrative divisions (leagues, banners or aimags) of Mongolia during the Qing dynasty. They gave a bird's eye view of the area depicted, making them somewhat similar to pictorial maps. Such manuscript maps have been used for official ...
The Dutch used a particular map, which was known as the 'Christian knight map' for this purpose during their struggle for independence against Spain. In relation to both Spain and Portugal and their influences on each other in terms of cartography, there was one very significant and fairly obvious example that began to develop in the 15th century.
The Real y Militar Orden de España (Royal and Militar Order of Spain), Joseph Bonaparte (1809–1812) The Orden Civil de María Victoria (Civil Order of María Victoria), King Amadeo (1871–1873). [39] The Orden Civil de Alfonso XII (Civil Order of Alfonso XII), Alfonso XIII (1902–1931) Officially replaced by the Civil Order of Alfonso X ...
The location of Spain An enlargeable map of Spain. The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Spain: Spain – sovereign state located on the Iberian Peninsula in southwestern Europe. Spanish territory also includes the Balearic Islands in the Mediterranean, the Canary Islands in the Atlantic Ocean off the African ...
Yamantaka is the "destroyer of death" deity in Vajrayana Buddhism, above riding a water buffalo. Carved cliff relief of Yamāntaka, one out of a set depicting the Ten Wisdom Kings, at the Dazu Rock Carvings in Chongqing, China. 7th century.
Expansion of the Mongol Empire 1206–1294 superimposed on a modern political map of Eurasia. Rise of Genghis Khan. Battle of Dalan Baljut; Mongol conquest of China. Mongol conquest of Western Xia. Death of Genghis Khan; Mongol conquest of the Jin dynasty; Mongol conquest of the Song dynasty; Mongol conquest of the Dali Kingdom; Mongol ...
The most impressive copy of the Padrón Real is in the Vatican Library, and was given to the Pope by Charles V of Spain in 1529. The large map (83.8 cm x 203.2 cm.) is on vellum, and thought to be one of the presentation copies made in the 1520s when Spain and Portugal had a boundary dispute.