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  2. Academic grading in Germany - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Academic_grading_in_Germany

    To calculate averages of suffixed grades, they are assigned fractional values, where 1 is 1.0, 1− is 1.3, 2+ is 1.7, 2 is 2.0, 2− is 2.3 and so on. As schools are governed by the states, not by the federal government, there are slight differences.

  3. Percentage - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Percentage

    The percent value can also be found by multiplying first instead of later, so in this example, the 50 would be multiplied by 100 to give 5,000, and this result would be divided by 1,250 to give 4%. To calculate a percentage of a percentage, convert both percentages to fractions of 100, or to decimals, and multiply them. For example, 50% of 40% is:

  4. 68–95–99.7 rule - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/68–95–99.7_rule

    In statistics, the 68–95–99.7 rule, also known as the empirical rule, and sometimes abbreviated 3sr or 3 σ, is a shorthand used to remember the percentage of values that lie within an interval estimate in a normal distribution: approximately 68%, 95%, and 99.7% of the values lie within one, two, and three standard deviations of the mean ...

  5. Academic grading in the United States - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Academic_grading_in_the...

    D = 1.3; F = 0.0; Another policy commonly used by 4.0-scale schools is to mimic the eleven-point weighted scale (see below) by adding a .33 (one-third of a letter grade) to honors or advanced placement class. (For example, a B in a regular class would be a 3.0, but in honors or AP class it would become a B+, or 3.33).

  6. Academic grading in the Philippines - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Academic_grading_in_the...

    74.3-78.5: 1.50: C: 78-80 ... Equivalent Percentage Description 3.8–4.0: ... While most courses at De La Salle University-Manila maintain the above table for a ...

  7. Gross margin - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gross_margin

    Some retailers use margins because profits are easily calculated from the total of sales. If margin is 30%, then 30% of the total of sales is the profit. If markup is 30%, the percentage of daily sales that are profit will not be the same percentage. Some retailers use markups because it is easier to calculate a sales price from a cost.

  8. Mass fraction (chemistry) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mass_fraction_(chemistry)

    This improper name persists, especially in elementary textbooks. In biology, the unit "%" is sometimes (incorrectly) used to denote mass concentration, also called mass/volume percentage. A solution with 1 g of solute dissolved in a final volume of 100 mL of solution would be labeled as "1%" or "1% m/v" (mass/volume). This is incorrect because ...

  9. Grading systems by country - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grading_systems_by_country

    3- 7 points 3.3 1.7 50–64 4+ 6 points 3.7 "ausreichend" (sufficient: an achievement that fulfills the requirements despite flaws) 1.3 4 5 points 4.0 1.0 0–49 4- 4 points 5.0 "mangelhaft" / "ungenügend" / "nicht bestanden" (deficient / insufficient / failed: an achievement that does not fulfill requirements due to major flaws) 0.0 5+ 3 points