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The following is a list of Polish astronauts who have traveled into space, sorted by date of first flight. As of 2024, one Polish national has been in space. The first, and so far only, Polish national in space was Mirosław Hermaszewski on Soyuz 30 in 1978.
Mirosław Hermaszewski was born on 15 September 1941 [5] into a Polish family in Lipniki, [a] formerly in the Wołyń Voivodeship of Poland, but at the time part of Reichskommissariat Ukraine, and since the end of the Second World War located in Ukraine.
This is a chronological list of wars in which Poland or its predecessor states of took an active part, extending from the reign of Mieszko I (960–992) to the present. This list does not include peacekeeping operations (such as UNPROFOR, UNTAES or UNMOP), humanitarian missions or training missions supported by the Polish Armed Forces.
The scheduled invasion (see 25 August) is called off at the last possible moment to buy the Germans more time. [4]: 16 The cancellation of the invasion orders fail to reach all German units in time; German saboteurs carry out a bombing attack at the Jablunkov Pass in what becomes known as the Jabłonków incident.
On 8 January 1918, the U.S. President Woodrow Wilson proclaimed the 14 Points as the American war aims. Point 13 called for Polish independence to be restored after the war and for Poland to have "free and secure access to the sea", a statement that implied the German deep-water port of Danzig (modern Gdańsk, Poland), located at a strategic location where a branch of the river Vistula flows ...
After a few years of fighting, the Red Army drove the German forces out of the USSR and crossed into Poland from the rest of Central and Eastern Europe. Sociologist Tadeusz Piotrowski argues that both occupying powers were hostile to the existence of Poland's sovereignty, people, and the culture and aimed to destroy them. [2]
One key milestone was the travel of Mirosław Hermaszewski to the Soviet space station Salyut 6 in 1978, being the first and only Polish national to travel to space as of 2024. [6] After the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, Poland took steps torwards developing an independent space sector, signing a co-operation agreement with the ...
After the war, the Poles insisted that Guderian, in an attempt to end the Polish resistance, threatened the Polish commander that he would shoot the POWs if the remaining forces did not surrender. [11] The resistance, however, continued for another hour, when a German envoy arrived carrying a flag of truce and proposed a cease fire. [6]