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The use of wood as a fuel source for heating is much older than civilization and is assumed to have been used by Neanderthals. Today, burning of wood is the largest use of energy derived from a solid fuel biomass. Wood fuel can be used for cooking and heating, and occasionally for fueling steam engines and steam turbines that generate electricity.
Wood gas is a fuel gas that can be used for furnaces, stoves, and vehicles. During the production process, biomass or related carbon-containing materials are gasified within the oxygen-limited environment of a wood gas generator to produce a combustible mixture.
Wood pellets. Pellet fuels (or pellets) are a type of solid fuel made from compressed organic material. [1] Pellets can be made from any one of five general categories of biomass: industrial waste and co-products, food waste, agricultural residues, energy crops, and untreated lumber. [2]
They are produced from crops or natural products, such as wood, or agricultural residues, such as molasses and bagasse." [5]: 173 Other publications reserve the term biofuel for liquid or gaseous fuels, used for transportation. [6] The IPCC Sixth Assessment Report defines biofuel as "A fuel, generally in liquid form, produced from biomass.
Woodchips are small- to medium-sized pieces of wood formed by cutting or chipping larger pieces of wood such as trees, branches, logging residues, stumps, roots, and wood waste. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Woodchips may be used as a biomass solid fuel and are raw material for producing wood pulp . [ 3 ]
Dodge V10 hauling hay with woodgas.Keith gasifier system Santa-Go, Kanagawa Chuo Kotsu Co., Ltd.. A wood gas generator is a gasification unit which converts timber or charcoal into wood gas, a producer gas consisting of atmospheric nitrogen, carbon monoxide, hydrogen, traces of methane, and other gases, which – after cooling and filtering – can then be used to power an internal combustion ...
Carbon and carbon-rich materials have desirable properties but are nonvolatile, even at high temperatures. Consequently, pyrolysis is used to produce many kinds of carbon; these can be used for fuel, as reagents in steelmaking (coke), and as structural materials. Charcoal is a less smoky fuel than pyrolyzed wood. [26]
The by-products from the wood processing industry are called wood processing residues and consist of cut offs, shavings, sawdust, bark, and black liquor. [27] Wood processing residues have a total energy content of 5.5 EJ annually. [28] Wood pellets are mainly made from wood processing residues, [m] and have a total energy content of 0.7 EJ.