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Caustic ingestion occurs when someone accidentally or deliberately ingests a caustic or corrosive substance. Depending on the nature of the substance, the duration of exposure and other factors it can lead to varying degrees of damage to the oral mucosa , the esophagus , and the lining of the stomach .
Treatment is focused on reversing the cause of inflammation and reducing symptoms. Corticosteroids may be given to reduce inflammation, often before long-term scarring occurs. Antibiotics are usually not helpful or needed, unless there is a secondary infection. Oxygen therapy may be helpful.
Hydrocarbon pneumonitis is a kind of chemical pneumonitis which occurs with oral ingestion of hydrocarbons and associated aspiration. It occurs prominently among children, accounting for many hospital admissions each year.
Most deaths from ethylene glycol are intentional suicides; deaths in children due to unintentional ingestion are extremely rare. [ 64 ] In an effort to prevent poisoning, often a bittering agent called denatonium benzoate , known by the trade name Bitrex , is added to ethylene glycol preparations as an adversant to prevent accidental or ...
Salt poisoning sufficient to produce severe symptoms is rare, and lethal salt poisoning is possible but even rarer. The lethal dose of table salt is roughly 0.5–1 gram per kilogram of body weight. [1] In medicine, salt poisoning is most frequently encountered in children or infants [2] [3] who may be made to consume excessive amounts of table ...
Solutions containing lyes can cause chemical burns, permanent injuries, scarring and blindness, immediately upon contact. Lyes may be harmful or even fatal if swallowed; ingestion can cause esophageal stricture. Moreover, the solvation of dry solid lye is highly exothermic and the resulting heat may cause additional burns or ignite flammables.
Acute inhalation injury may result from frequent and widespread use of household cleaning agents and industrial gases (including chlorine and ammonia).The airways and lungs receive continuous first-pass exposure to non-toxic and irritant or toxic gases via inhalation.
Lead poisoning, also known as plumbism and saturnism, is a type of metal poisoning caused by lead in the body. [2] Symptoms may include abdominal pain, constipation, headaches, irritability, memory problems, infertility, numbness and tingling in the hands and feet. [1]