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Chandrayaan-1 was sent to the Moon in a series of orbit-increasing manoeuvres around the Earth over a period of 21 days as opposed to launching the craft on a direct trajectory to the Moon. [53] At launch the spacecraft was inserted into geostationary transfer orbit (GTO) with an apogee of 22,860 km (14,200 mi) and a perigee of 255 km (158 mi).
The USSR successfully landed its first uncrewed probe on the Moon in February 1966, and the United States followed with Surveyor 1 in June 1966, but no uncrewed landers carried retroreflectors before Lunokhod 1 in November 1970. The retroreflectors are proof that human-made probes reached the exact locations of the Apollo 11, 14, and 15 landing ...
After earth bound maneuvers and trans lunar injection, Chandrayaan-1 entered the lunar orbit on 10 November, making India the fifth nation to orbit Moon. [15] Four days later, on 14 November, the Moon Impact Probe (MIP) impacted near the Shackleton crater , in the lunar south pole , this made India the fifth country to reach the lunar surface ...
Chandrayaan-1: Chandrayaan-1: 22 October 2008: PSLV-XL C11: ISRO: Orbiter: Success Moon Impact Probe: Impactor: Success Succeeded through mission. Orbit lasted 312 days, short of intended 2 years; However mission achieved most of its intended objectives. Terminated in 2009, remains in selenocentric orbit; discovered water ice on the Moon. [74]
The Chandrayaan-3 successfully landed on moon on 23 August 2023 at 18:05 IST (UTC +5:30). For technology demonstration experiments, hop experiment on the Vikram Lander was conducted and the Propulsion Module (PM) of Chandrayaan-3 was moved from an orbit around Moon to an orbit around Earth, where it operated until 22 August 2024. [6] [7]
PSLV can also launch small size satellites into Geostationary Transfer Orbit (GTO). [11] Some notable payloads launched by PSLV include India's first lunar probe Chandrayaan-1, India's first interplanetary mission, Mars Orbiter Mission (Mangalyaan), India's first space observatory, Astrosat and India's first Solar mission, Aditya-L1. [2]
Cassini-Huygens arrived in orbit on July 1, 2004, landed on Titan January 14, 2005 ... Chandrayaan-1: Moon: Success: Chandrayaan-1 developed and launched by ISRO ...
India's 1st Moon Mission, Chandrayaan-1 was launched from this launch pad on 22 October 2008. Its follow-up missions were also launched from this launch pad, where Chandrayaan-2 was launched on 22 July 2019 and Chandrayaan-3 was launched on 14 July 2023. In November 2019, ISRO released tenders for augmentation of the SLP for the Gaganyaan project.