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In September 1987, Mengistu Haile Mariam declared Ethiopia as the Ethiopian People's Democratic Republic, and the Derg transformed into the Ethiopian Workers Party (EWP). After a failed coup against Mengistu in 1989, socialism was abandoned in 1990 following the collapse of communism in Eastern Europe. Mengistu's government faced challenges ...
Under the 1987 Constitution of Ethiopia, the military rule of the Derg evolved into the civilian government of the People's Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, and chapter 8 of the Constitution determined that the state would be subdivided into "autonomous regions" and "administrative regions".
During early period of formation, the group fought with multidirectional rivalry in lieu of the central government. In 1978, the Derg commenced formal invasion of Ogaden region by Somalia, which claimed the region into integral part of Greater Somalia. [3] Map during the Ethiopian Civil War showing insurgent strategic route in advance of Addis ...
The Derg (or Dergue; Amharic: ደርግ, lit. ' committee ' or ' council '), officially the Provisional Military Administrative Council (PMAC), [4] [5] was the military dictatorship that ruled Ethiopia, then including present-day Eritrea, from 1974 to 1987, when the military junta formally "civilianized" the administration but stayed in power until 1991.
During the early 1980s the Ethiopian government rendered the Somali inhabited Ogaden region a vast military zone, engaging in indiscriminate aerial bombardments and forced resettlement programs. [27] During the fall of 1980, towns and villages in Tigray were bombarded with napalm and cluster bombs by the regime. Massive military infantry sweeps ...
It was exacerbated by the civil war between Ethiopia’s Soviet-aligned Derg regime and insurgent groups such as the Tigrayan People’s Liberation Front supported by Western nations.
A semi-feudal mode of production was a major characteristic of the Ethiopian Empire's economy for a number of centuries.The land – which was the most essential mode of production – had been amassed by the church (over 25%), Emperor Haile Selassie and his family (20%), the feudal lords (30%) and the state (18%), leaving a mere 7% to the roughly 23 million Ethiopian peasants.
The Ethiopian government used money from a World Bank-financed health and education initiative to brutally evict thousands of villagers , according to former government officials who helped carry out the forced removals. The World Bank, the planet's most influential development lender, has denied responsibility.