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A population count from Málaga, Spain recorded some people as "cortados," while the 1729 Dictionary of the Spanish Royal academy defined the word "cortarse" to be the process by which slaves would negotiate their freedom with their masters by limiting their price of freedom. [3]
Slavery in the Spanish American viceroyalties included the enslavement, forced labor and peonage of indigenous peoples, Africans, and Asians from the late 15th to late 19th century, and its aftereffects in the 20th and 21st centuries. The economic and social institution of slavery existed throughout the Spanish Empire, including Spain itself.
The first speech in the Americas for the universality of human rights and against the abuses of slavery was given on Hispaniola, a mere nineteen years after the first contact. [26] Resistance to Indigenous captivity in the Spanish colonies produced the first modern debates over the legitimacy of slavery.
Women showed resistance in different, but significant ways compared to men due to different expectations. [34] For example, there were less women who would runaway due to the responsibilities as mothers and primary caretakers of their home. [35] Religion was utilised by enslaved African American women as a framework for resistance.
It also freed slaves who served in the Spanish army (particularly those who fought in the Ten Years' War in Cuba), slaves over 60 years old (along with slaves who turned 60 thereafter), and slaves who were owned by the Spanish government. The Spanish government compensated slave owners 125 pesetas for each slave emancipated under the Moret Law ...
Slavery was one of the main factors that decimated the Indigenous population of North America. Indigenous slavery predated and outlasted the African slave trade until the 20th century. The Spanish crown allowed slavery of Indigenous peoples captured in " just wars ", which included Indigenous resistance to colonialism, such as religious ...
Illustrative of this resistance were the Cimarrones, exemplifying a trend that proliferated across the Caribbean and Central America during the 16th Century. Enslaved Africans transported to Spanish colonies sought refuge in the wilderness, forming cohesive communities that occasionally abstained from interaction with their erstwhile captors.
Slavery in Spain began in the 15th century and reached its peak in the 16th century. The history of Spanish enslavement of Africans began with Portuguese captains Antão Gonçalves and Nuno Tristão in 1441. The first large group of African slaves, made up of 235 slaves, came with Lançarote de Freitas three years later. [1]