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After this victory, Cleisthenes began to reform the government of Athens. In order to forestall strife between the traditional clans, which had led to the tyranny in the first place, he changed the political organization from the four traditional tribes, which were based on family relations, and which formed the basis of the upper-class ...
In 753 BCE the perpetual archonship by the Eupatridae [3] were limited to 10 year terms (the "decennial archons"). [4] After 683 BCE the offices were held for only a single year. [5] Bust of Solon, democratic reformer in Athenian Antiquity. By the 7th century BCE, social unrest had become widespread, as Athens suffered a land and agrarian crisis.
No group in Athens were thoroughly satisfied: Athenians who had to sell their land to pay their debts did not get their land back and remained poor; Freed slaves had no land and could not support themselves; The poor did not win equal civil rights; The rich of course were not satisfied with the cancellation of debts.
Solon (Ancient Greek: Σόλων; c. 630 – c. 560 BC) [1] was an archaic Athenian statesman, lawmaker, political philosopher, and poet.He is one of the Seven Sages of Greece and credited with laying the foundations for Athenian democracy.
Athenian democracy had many critics, both ancient and modern. Ancient Greek critics of Athenian democracy include Thucydides the general and historian, Aristophanes the playwright, Plato the pupil of Socrates, Aristotle the pupil of Plato, and a writer known as the Old Oligarch. While modern critics are more likely to find fault with the ...
Pisistratus funded many religious and artistic programs, [6] in order to improve the economy and spread the wealth more equally among the Athenian people. Pisistratids is the common family or clan name for the three tyrants , who ruled in Athens from 546 to 510 BC, referring to Pisistratus and his two sons, Hipparchus and Hippias .
[4] [5] The law courts in Athens were different and diverse: as time changed they changed too. They originated from the Council of the elite and wealthy who were in charge and ended up being open to any free male who was in the army. Athens valued justice and they had many different reforms as different challenges arose.
The Solonian constitution was created by Solon in the early 6th century BC. [1] At the time of Solon, the Athenian State was almost falling to pieces in consequence of dissensions between the parties into which the population was divided.