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  2. Cellular adaptation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cellular_adaptation

    Thymus atrophy during early human development (childhood) is an example of physiologic atrophy. Skeletal muscle atrophy is a common pathologic adaptation to skeletal muscle disuse (commonly called "disuse atrophy"). Tissue and organs especially susceptible to atrophy include skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle, secondary sex organs, and the brain ...

  3. Atrophy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atrophy

    Atrophy is the partial or complete wasting away of a part of the body. Causes of atrophy include mutations (which can destroy the gene to build up the organ), poor nourishment, poor circulation, loss of hormonal support, loss of nerve supply to the target organ, excessive amount of apoptosis of cells, and disuse or lack of exercise or disease intrinsic to the tissue itself.

  4. Ventricular remodeling - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ventricular_remodeling

    [10] [11] Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) has shown the ability to reverse left ventricular remodeling in some patients. [12] [13] Early correction of congenital heart defects, if appropriate, may prevent remodeling, as will treatment of chronic hypertension or valvular heart disease. Often, reverse remodeling, or improvement in left ...

  5. Ventricular hypertrophy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ventricular_hypertrophy

    For example, it occurs in what is regarded as a physiologic, adaptive process in pregnancy in response to increased blood volume; but can also occur as a consequence of ventricular remodeling following a heart attack. Importantly, pathologic and physiologic remodeling engage different cellular pathways in the heart and result in different gross ...

  6. Cardiomyopathy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardiomyopathy

    Cardiomyopathy is a group of primary diseases of the heart muscle. [1] Early on there may be few or no symptoms. [1] As the disease worsens, shortness of breath, feeling tired, and swelling of the legs may occur, due to the onset of heart failure. [1] An irregular heart beat and fainting may occur. [1]

  7. Cardiomegaly - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardiomegaly

    The most common causes of cardiomegaly are congenital (patients are born with the condition based on a genetic inheritance), high blood pressure (which can enlarge the left ventricle causing the heart muscle to weaken over time), and coronary artery disease. In the latter case, the disease creates blockages in the heart's blood supply, leading ...

  8. Pathophysiology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pathophysiology

    Pathophysiology (or physiopathology) is a branch of study, at the intersection of pathology and physiology, concerning disordered physiological processes that cause, result from, or are otherwise associated with a disease or injury. Pathology is the medical discipline that describes conditions typically observed during a disease state, whereas ...

  9. Pathophysiology of heart failure - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pathophysiology_of_heart...

    The main pathophysiology of heart failure is a reduction in the efficiency of the heart muscle, through damage or overloading. As such, it can be caused by a wide number of conditions, including myocardial infarction (in which the heart muscle is starved of oxygen and dies), hypertension (which increases the force of contraction needed to pump blood) and cardiac amyloidosis (in which misfolded ...

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