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The Iranian Revolution was a gendered revolution; much of the new regime's rhetoric was centered on the position of women in society. [178] Beyond rhetoric, thousands of women were also heavily mobilized in the revolution itself, [179] and different groups of women actively participated alongside their male counterparts. [180]
Islamic Revolution of Iran, Encarta (Archived 31 October 2009) The Iranian revolution, Britannica; Dynamics of the Iranian Revolution: The Pahlavis' Triumph and Tragedy; The West's Role in the Shah's Overthrow; America's secret engagement with Khomeini; US had extensive contact with Ayatollah Khomeini before Iran revolution; Seeking Gandhi ...
Iran functioned again as a leading world power, especially in rivalry with the Ottoman Empire. In the 19th century, Iran lost significant territories in the Caucasus to the Russian Empire following the Russo-Persian Wars. [20] Iran remained a monarchy until the 1979 Iranian Revolution, when it officially became an Islamic republic on 1 April 1979.
November 5 : Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi broadcast on television a promise not to repeat past mistakes and to make amends saying, "I heard the voice of your revolution... As Shah of Iran as well as an Iranian citizen, I cannot but approve your revolution." [27] [28] November 6: General Gholam Reza Azhari appointed as the prime minister.
The Revolutionary Guard or Pasdaran-e Enqelab, was established by a decree issued by Khomeini on May 5, 1979 "to protect the revolution from destructive forces and counter-revolutionaries," [16] i.e., as a counterweight both to the armed groups of the left, and to the Iranian military, which had been part of the Shah's power base. 6,000 persons ...
The Islamic Revolution dissolved the SAVAK and replaced it with the SAVAMA. It was run after the revolution, according to U.S. sources and Iranian exile sources in the US and in Paris, by Gen. Hossein Fardoust, who was deputy chief of SAVAK under Mohammad Reza's reign, and a friend from boyhood of the deposed monarch.
Iranian Revolution: The Iranian Monarchy collapsed in a popular revolution. 1 April: A referendum passed which made Iran an Islamic republic. 4 November: Iran hostage crisis: 1980: 22 September: Iraq launched a full-scale invasion of Iran. The Iran–Iraq War would last until August 1988.
"The Strengths and Weaknesses of Iran's Populist Alliance: A Class Analysis of the Constitutional Revolution of 1905–1911", Theory and Society, Vol. 20, No. 6 (Dec 1991), pp. 795–823. JSTOR; Ahmad Kasravi, Tārikh-e Mashruteh-ye Iran (تاریخ مشروطهٔ ایران) (History of the Iranian Constitutional Revolution), in Persian, 951 p.