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Learning through play is a term used in education and psychology to describe how a child can learn to make sense of the world around them. Through play children can develop social and cognitive skills, mature emotionally, and gain the self-confidence required to engage in new experiences and environments.
Meaningful play is discussed in the disciplines of psychology, education, counselling and law.It is also utilized in the fields of video games.While there appears to be no exact moment when the term was created, it first started to appear in the field of video games with the book Rules of Play, and was further adapted into other fields such as psychology soon after with a modified definition.
Playfulness by Paul Manship. Play is a range of intrinsically motivated activities done for recreational pleasure and enjoyment. [1] Play is commonly associated with children and juvenile-level activities, but may be engaged in at any life stage, and among other higher-functioning animals as well, most notably mammals and birds.
An example of a more directive approach to play therapy, for example, can entail the use of a type of desensitisation or relearning therapy, to change troubling behaviours, either systematically or through a less structured approach. The hope is that through the language of symbolic play, such desensitisation may take place, as a natural part ...
Stages of play is a theory and classification of children's participation in play developed by Mildred Parten Newhall in her 1929 dissertation. [1] Parten observed American preschool age (ages 2 to 5) children at free play (defined as anything unrelated to survival, production or profit). Parten recognized six different types of play:
Parallel play is the first of three stages of play observed in young children. The other two stages include simple social play (playing and sharing together), and finally cooperative play (different complementary roles; shared purpose). The research by Parten indicated that preschool children prefer groups of two, parallel play was less likely ...
The term "serious play" was popularized with the publication of Michael Schrage's book Serious Play: How the World's Best Companies Simulate to Innovate in 2000. [7] Serious intent methods can be used as vehicles for engaging teams in the five stages of the design thinking process: empathizing, defining, ideating, prototyping, and testing. [8]
The term mental model is believed to have originated with Kenneth Craik in his 1943 book The Nature of Explanation. [1] [2] Georges-Henri Luquet in Le dessin enfantin (Children's drawings), published in 1927 by Alcan, Paris, argued that children construct internal models, a view that influenced, among others, child psychologist Jean Piaget.