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The Black Codes, sometimes called the Black Laws, were laws which governed the conduct of African Americans (both free and freedmen).In 1832, James Kent wrote that "in most of the United States, there is a distinction in respect to political privileges, between free white persons and free colored persons of African blood; and in no part of the country do the latter, in point of fact ...
Slavery was effectively abolished in Mississippi by the Thirteenth Amendment, ratified in December 1865. Mississippi was the only state in the Lower Mississippi Valley that did not abolish slavery during the American Civil War. [19] The state did not officially notify the U.S. archivist of its ratification of the Thirteenth Amendment until 2013 ...
Mississippi's legislature passed several laws to dilute the power of black votes. Only with Supreme Court rulings and more than a decade of cooling did black voting become a reality in Mississippi. The seeds planted during Freedom Summer bore fruit in the 1980s and 1990s, when Mississippi elected more black officials than any other state.
Freedmen voting in New Orleans, 1867. Reconstruction lasted from Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation of January 1, 1863 to the Compromise of 1877. [1] [2]The major issues faced by President Abraham Lincoln were the status of the ex-slaves (called "Freedmen"), the loyalty and civil rights of ex-rebels, the status of the 11 ex-Confederate states, the powers of the federal government needed to ...
Broussard, Joyce L. "Occupied Natchez, Elite Women, and the Feminization of the Civil War," Journal of Mississippi History, 2008 70(2): 179–207. Broussard, Joyce L. Stepping Lively in Place: The Not-Married, Free Women of Civil War-Era Natchez, Mississippi. (U of Georgia Press, 2016). Cox, James L. The Mississippi Almanac. New York: Computer ...
Mississippi legislators diluted the power of Black voters by drawing too few majority-Black state House and Senate districts after the most recent Census, an attorney representing the NAACP and ...
Reconstructing Democracy: Black Grassroots Politics in the Deep South after the Civil War (Athens, Georgia Press, 2015). Bell, Frank C. "The Life and Times of John R. Lynch: A Case Study 1847–1939", Journal of Mississippi History , 38 (February 1976): 53–67.
The discovery of a black man found hanged from a tree in Mississippi quickly made national headlines and brought back some unpleasant memories of American's violent, racially charged past. "Otis ...