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The Bosnian Crisis, also known as the Annexation Crisis (German: Bosnische Annexionskrise, Turkish: Bosna Krizi; Serbo-Croatian: Aneksiona kriza, Анексиона криза) or the First Balkan Crisis, erupted on 5 October 1908 [1] when Austria-Hungary announced the annexation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, [a] territories formerly within the sovereignty of the Ottoman Empire but under Austro ...
The Bulgarian Crisis (Българска криза, Balgarska kriza) refers to a series of events in the Balkans between 1885 and 1888 that affected the balance of power between the Great Powers and the conflict between Austria-Hungary and the Russian Empire.
The History of the Balkan Peninsula; From the Earliest Times to the Present Day (1966) Stanković, Vlada, ed. (2016). The Balkans and the Byzantine World before and after the Captures of Constantinople, 1204 and 1453. Lexington Books. ISBN 978-1-4985-1326-5. Stavrianos, L.S. The Balkans Since 1453 (1958), major scholarly history; online free to ...
International Encyclopedia of the First World War. Map of Europe during First Balkan War at omniatlas.com Archived 14 April 2012 at the Wayback Machine; Films about the Balkan War at europeanfilmgateway.eu; Clemmesen, M. H. Not Just a Prelude: The First Balkan War Crisis as the Catalyst of Final European War Preparations (2012) Anderson, D. S.
The Great Eastern Crisis of 1875–1878 began in the Ottoman Empire's territories on the Balkan peninsula in 1875, with the outbreak of several uprisings and wars that resulted in the intervention of international powers, and was ended with the Treaty of Berlin in July 1878.
Coined in the early 20th century, the term "Balkanization" traces its origins to the depiction of events during the Balkan Wars (1912–1913) and the First World War (1914–1918). It did not emerge during the gradual secession of Balkan nations from the Ottoman Empire over the 19th century, but was coined at the end of the First World War.
Map showing the borders of the Balkan states before and after both Balkan Wars.. The League of the Balkans was a quadruple alliance formed by a series of bilateral treaties concluded in 1912 between the Eastern Orthodox kingdoms of Greece, Bulgaria, Serbia and Montenegro, and directed against the Ottoman Empire, [1] which still controlled much of Southeastern Europe.
Defeat in Detail: The Ottoman Army in the Balkans, 1912–1913. Greenwood Publishing Group. ISBN 0275978885. Hall, Richard C. (2000). The Balkan Wars, 1912–1913: Prelude to the First World War (1st ed.). Routledge. ISBN 0415229464. Helmreich, Ernst Christian (1938). The Diplomacy of the Balkan Wars, 1912–1913. Harvard University Press.