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Current and past writing systems for Vietnamese in the Vietnamese alphabet and in chữ Hán Nôm. Spoken and written Vietnamese today uses the Latin script-based Vietnamese alphabet to represent native Vietnamese words (thuần Việt), Vietnamese words which are of Chinese origin (Hán-Việt, or Sino-Vietnamese), and other foreign loanwords.
As Literary Chinese was the formal written language for government documents, a majority of literary works were composed in Hán văn or as văn ngôn. [1] From the 10th century, a minority of literary works were composed in chữ Nôm, the former writing system for the Vietnamese language. The Nôm script better represented Vietnamese ...
Vertical writing (tategaki 縦書き) is still commonly used in Japan in novels, newspapers and magazines, including most Japanese comics and graphic novels (also known as manga), while horizontal writing is used more often in other media, especially those containing English language references. In general, dialogue in manga is written vertically.
Later refined as chữ Quốc ngữ, it eventually became the de facto written form of Vietnamese language in the 20th century. Meanwhile, Maiorica's catechism and devotional texts reflect the favor of chữ Nôm, which was the dominant script of Vietnamese Christian literature until the 20th century. [14]
A model attribution edit summary is Content in this edit is translated from the existing Vietnamese Wikipedia article at [[:vi:Văn miếu Xích Đằng]]; see its history for attribution. You may also add the template {{Translated|vi|Văn miếu Xích Đằng}} to the talk page. For more guidance, see Wikipedia:Translation.
The Institute of Hán-Nôm Studies (Vietnamese: Viện nghiên cứu Hán Nôm; Hán Nôm: 院研究漢喃), or Hán-Nôm Institute (Vietnamese: Viện Hán Nôm, Hán Nôm: 院漢喃) in Hanoi, Vietnam, is the main research centre, historical archival agency and reference library for the study of chữ Hán and chữ Nôm (together, Hán-Nôm) texts for Vietnamese language in Vietnam.
These ancient texts are in Nôm and Hán and, in collaboration with the Vietnamese Nôm Preservation Foundation, metadata and images were put online to create the Digital Library of Hán-Nôm. [11] Tapes, CD-ROMS. Includes disks on the Vietnam Communist Party and language learning. [12] English books about Vietnam. [13]
The period was considered a golden age in Vietnamese language, arts, and culture. [10] The first pieces of Chữ Nôm literature were written during this period, [11] while the introduction of vernacular Vietnamese into the court was established, alongside Literary Chinese. [12]