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Tengku Amir Hamzah (February 1911 – 20 March 1946) [a] was an Indonesian poet and National Hero of Indonesia.Born into a Malay aristocratic family in the Sultanate of Langkat in North Sumatra, he was educated in both Sumatra and Java.
The Hindu Maha Puranas are traditionally attributed to Vyasa, but many scholars considered them likely the work of many authors over the centuries; in contrast, most Jaina Puranas can be dated and their authors assigned. [5] There are 18 Mukhya Puranas (Major Puranas) and 18 Upa Puranas (Minor Puranas), [8] with over 400,000 verses. [2]
Fragment of Hindu god Vishnu discovered in Batujaya archaeological site, West Java. Purnawarman probably is the most well-known king of Tarumanagara because he produced quite a number of well documented inscriptions. The records about Tarumanagara's later kings were scarce and obscure, most were known from later manuscripts and local traditions.
A similar collection of Indian animal fables is the Hindu Pañcatantra, which has been dated to around 200 BCE. [ 55 ] Some Buddhist jātakas were also adopted and retold by Islamic (and later Christian) authors, such as the 10th century Shia scholar Ibn Bābūya , who adapted a jātaka into a story titled Balawhar wa-Būdāsf, which became the ...
The text influenced Hindu kingdoms in Cambodia and Indonesia. [5] [6] [7] In 1776, Manusmriti became one of the first Sanskrit texts to be translated into English, by British philologist Sir William Jones. [8] Manusmriti was used to construct the Hindu law code for the East India Company-administered enclaves. [9] [10]
The Surya Siddhanta is one of several astronomy-related Hindu texts. It represents a functional system that made reasonably accurate predictions. [14] [15] [16] The text was influential on the solar year computations of the luni-solar Hindu calendar. [17] The text was translated into Arabic and was influential in medieval Islamic geography. [18]
The Brahma Sūtras or Brahmasutra are attributed to Badarayana. [16] In some texts, Badarayana is also called Vyasa, which literally means "one who arranges". [16]Badarayana was the Guru (teacher) of Jaimini, the latter credited with authoring Mimamsa Sutras of the Mimamsa school of Hindu philosophy. [16]
The Dharma-sūtras themselves became the foundations for a large canon of texts, and branched off as numerous Dharma-sastra texts. [ 26 ] Jan Gonda states that the initial stages of Smṛti texts structurally developed in the form of a new prose genre named Sūtras, that is "aphorism, highly compact precise expression that captured the essence ...