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Hepatitis B vaccine is a vaccine that prevents hepatitis B. [13] The first dose is recommended within 24 hours of birth with either two or three more doses given after that. [ 13 ] This includes those with poor immune function such as from HIV/AIDS and those born premature . [ 13 ]
When a patient receives multiple vaccines in one visit or a combination vaccine, a VIS should be given for each vaccine or component. The Multi-Vaccine VIS can be used for children receiving DTaP, polio, Hib, hepatitis B, and pneumococcal conjugate vaccines. The Multi-Vaccine VIS is not designed for adults or adolescents. [9] [10]
Hepatitis B infection has been preventable by vaccination since 1982. [4] [12] As of 2022, the hepatitis B vaccine is between 98% and 100% effective in preventing infection. [1] The vaccine is administered in several doses; after an initial dose, two or three more vaccine doses are required at a later time for full effect. [1]
Combined hepatitis A and B vaccine, is used to provide protection against hepatitis A and hepatitis B. [3] [7] It is given by injection into muscle.[8]It is used in areas where hepatitis A and B are endemic, for travelers, people with hepatitis C or chronic liver disease, and those at high risk of sexually transmitted diseases.
DTwP-HepB-Hib vaccine is a 5-in-1 combination vaccine with five individual vaccines conjugated into one. [1] It protects against diphtheria , tetanus , whooping cough , hepatitis B and Haemophilus influenzae type B , [ 1 ] which is generally used in middle- and low-income countries , where polio vaccine is given separately.
DTaP-IPV-HepB vaccine is a combination vaccine whose generic name is diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and acellular pertussis adsorbed, hepatitis B (recombinant) and inactivated polio vaccine or DTaP-IPV-Hep B. [1] It protects against the infectious diseases diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, poliomyelitis, and hepatitis B. [2] [3] [4]
Since 1990, when the vaccine was introduced as a routine vaccination in children, rates of acute Hepatitis B has decreased in the United States by 82%. This vaccine is given as a series of shots, the first dose is given at birth, the second between 1 and 2 months, and the third, and possibly fourth, between 6 and 18 months.
Despite there being a vaccine to prevent hepatitis B, HBV remains a global health problem. Hepatitis B can be acute and later become chronic, leading to other diseases and health conditions. [55] In addition to causing hepatitis, infection with HBV can lead to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. [56]
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