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Calico originated in Calicut, from which the name of the textile came, in South India, now Kerala, during the 11th century, [3] where the cloth was known as "chaliyan". [4] It was mentioned in Indian literature by the 12th century when the polymath and writer Hemachandra described calico fabric prints with a lotus design. [3]
Chintz (/ tʃ ɪ n t s / [1]) is a woodblock printed, painted, stained or glazed calico textile that originated in Golconda (present day Hyderabad, India) in the 16th century. [2] [3] The cloth is printed with designs featuring flowers and other patterns in different colours, typically on a light, plain background.
Roller-printed cotton cushion cover panel, 1904, Silver Studio V&A Museum no. CIRC.675–1966 Indigo Blue & White printed cloth, American Printing Company, about 1910. Roller printing, also called cylinder printing or machine printing, on fabrics is a textile printing process patented by Thomas Bell of Scotland in 1783 in an attempt to reduce the cost of the earlier copperplate printing.
Nantong blue calico printing and dyeing has been practiced in most parts of Nantong City, Jiangsu Province, China, since the beginning of Qing dynasty. In modern times, blue calico is used to make daily clothes, mosquito nets, pillowcases, or baggage cloth. The blue and white printed calico was first worn by local farmers and fishermen.
The Calico Acts (1700, 1721) banned the import of most cotton textiles into England, followed by the restriction of sale of most cotton textiles. It was a form of economic protectionism , largely in response to India (particularly Bengal ), which dominated world cotton textile markets at the time.
From such tiny beginnings was developed the giant calico works which became the first plant in the nation to print yard-wide indigo blue calico, which was shipped to all parts of the world to be made into clothing. Johann Stifel, the founder of J.L. Stifel Co., was born in Neuffen, Wurttemberg, Germany, on March 13, 1807.
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