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  2. Order of approximation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Order_of_approximation

    The zero of "zeroth-order" represents the fact that even the only number given, "a few", is itself loosely defined. A zeroth-order approximation of a function (that is, mathematically determining a formula to fit multiple data points) will be constant, or a flat line with no slope: a polynomial of degree 0. For example,

  3. Rate equation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rate_equation

    In chemistry, the rate equation (also known as the rate law or empirical differential rate equation) is an empirical differential mathematical expression for the reaction rate of a given reaction in terms of concentrations of chemical species and constant parameters (normally rate coefficients and partial orders of reaction) only. [1]

  4. Perturbation theory (quantum mechanics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perturbation_theory...

    Download as PDF; Printable version ... The zeroth-order equation is simply the Schrödinger equation for ... being proportional to the rate at which amplitudes are ...

  5. Laws of thermodynamics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laws_of_thermodynamics

    The law may be stated in the following form: If two systems are both in thermal equilibrium with a third system, then they are in thermal equilibrium with each other. [4] Though this version of the law is one of the most commonly stated versions, it is only one of a diversity of statements that are labeled as "the zeroth law".

  6. Zero order - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zero_order

    Zero order reaction. Zero-order process (statistics), a sequence of random variables, each independent of the previous ones; Zero order process (chemistry), a chemical reaction in which the rate of change of concentration is independent of the concentrations; Zeroth-order approximation, an approximation of a function by a constant

  7. Thiele modulus - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thiele_modulus

    The Thiele modulus was developed by Ernest Thiele in his paper 'Relation between catalytic activity and size of particle' in 1939. [1] Thiele reasoned that a large enough particle has a reaction rate so rapid that diffusion forces can only carry the product away from the surface of the catalyst particle.

  8. Zero-order process (statistics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zero-order_process...

    In probability theory and statistics, a zero-order process is a stochastic process in which each observation is independent of all previous observations. For example, a zero-order process in marketing would be one in which the brands purchased next do not depend on the brands purchased before, implying a fixed probability of purchase since it is zero order in regards to probability.

  9. Pre-exponential factor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pre-exponential_factor

    In chemical kinetics, the pre-exponential factor or A factor is the pre-exponential constant in the Arrhenius equation (equation shown below), an empirical relationship between temperature and rate coefficient. It is usually designated by A when determined from experiment, while Z is usually left for collision frequency. The pre-exponential ...