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๐ ๐ ๐ ๐ ๐ ๐ ๐ ๐ ๐ U+1D49x ๐ ๐ ๐ ๐ ๐ ๐ ๐ ๐ ๐ ๐ ๐ ๐ ๐ ๐ ๐ U+1D4Ax ๐ข ๐ฅ ๐ฆ ๐ฉ ๐ช ๐ซ ๐ฌ ๐ฎ ๐ฏ U+1D4Bx ๐ฐ ๐ฑ ๐ฒ ๐ณ ๐ด ๐ต ๐ถ ๐ท ๐ธ ๐น ๐ป ๐ฝ ๐พ ๐ฟ U+1D4Cx ๐ ๐ ๐ ๐ ๐ ๐ ๐ ๐ ๐ ๐ ๐ ๐ ๐ ๐ ๐ U+1D4Dx
Lorentz force F on a charged particle (of charge q) in motion (instantaneous velocity v). The E field and B field vary in space and time. The force F acting on a particle of electric charge q with instantaneous velocity v , due to an external electric field E and magnetic field B , is given by ( SI definition of quantities [ 1 ] ): [ 12 ]
Mathematical Operators is a Unicode block containing characters for mathematical, logical, and set notation.. Notably absent are the plus sign (+), greater than sign (>) and less than sign (<), due to them already appearing in the Basic Latin Unicode block, and the plus-or-minus sign (±), multiplication sign (×) and obelus (÷), due to them already appearing in the Latin-1 Supplement block ...
More generally, we can factor a complex m×n matrix A, with m ≥ n, as the product of an m×m unitary matrix Q and an m×n upper triangular matrix R.As the bottom (m−n) rows of an m×n upper triangular matrix consist entirely of zeroes, it is often useful to partition R, or both R and Q:
Quantum efficiency (QE) is the fraction of photon flux that contributes to the photocurrent in a photodetector or a pixel. Quantum efficiency is one of the most important parameters used to evaluate the quality of a detector and is often called the spectral response to reflect its wavelength dependence.
The relation x precedes or is equal to y is written x โผ y. The relationship x succeeds (or follows) y is written x โป y. The relation x succeeds or is equal to y is written x โฝ y. [citation needed]
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