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XLP syndrome X-linked lymphoproliferative syndrome (see Duncan Disease) XLSA X-linked sideroblastic anemia: XMEA X-linked myopathy with excessive autophagy: XMEN X-linked immunodeficiency with magnesium defect, Epstein-Barr virus infection and neoplasia XP Xeroderma pigmentosa: XSCID X-linked severe combined immunodeficiency: XXX syndrome ...
The main discussion of these abbreviations in the context of drug prescriptions and other medical prescriptions is at List of abbreviations used in medical prescriptions. Some of these abbreviations are best not used, as marked and explained here.
blepharophimosis, ptosis, epicanthus inversus syndrome: BPH: benign prostatic hyperplasia/benign prostatic hypertrophy BPM: beats per minute: BPP: biophysical profile: BPPV: benign paroxysmal positional vertigo: BPSD: behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia BR: bedrest bathroom: BRA: bilateral renal agenesis: BRAT
Pronunciation follows convention outside the medical field, in which acronyms are generally pronounced as if they were a word (JAMA, SIDS), initialisms are generally pronounced as individual letters (DNA, SSRI), and abbreviations generally use the expansion (soln. = "solution", sup. = "superior").
Benign nephrosclerosis alone hardly ever causes severe damage to the kidney, except in susceptible populations, such as African Americans, where it may lead to uremia and death. However, all persons with this disease usually show some functional impairment, such as loss of concentration or a variably diminished GFR.
Thin basement membrane disease must be differentiated from the other two common causes of glomerular hematuria, IgA nephropathy and Alport syndrome. The history and presentation are helpful in this regard: [citation needed] In Alport syndrome, there is often a family history of kidney failure, which may be associated with hearing impairment.
Kidney showing circumscribed calcium deposits together with a partial stag horn calculus. Nephrocalcinosis , once known as Albright's calcinosis after Fuller Albright , is a term originally used to describe the deposition of poorly soluble calcium salts in the renal parenchyma due to hyperparathyroidism .
Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis (RPGN) is a syndrome of the kidney that is characterized by a rapid loss of kidney function, [4] [5] (usually a 50% decline in the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) within 3 months) [5] with glomerular crescent formation seen in at least 50% [5] or 75% [4] of glomeruli seen on kidney biopsies.