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Aqua regia (/ ˈ r eɪ ɡ i ə, ˈ r iː dʒ i ə /; from Latin, "regal water" or "royal water") is a mixture of nitric acid and hydrochloric acid, optimally in a molar ratio of 1:3. [b] Aqua regia is a fuming liquid. Freshly prepared aqua regia is colorless, but it turns yellow, orange or red within seconds from the formation of nitrosyl ...
Nitrosyl chloride is the chemical compound with the formula NOCl. It is a yellow gas that is commonly encountered as a component of aqua regia, a mixture of 3 parts concentrated hydrochloric acid and 1 part of concentrated nitric acid.
Chloroauric acid is produced by dissolving gold in aqua regia (a mixture of concentrated nitric and hydrochloric acids) followed by careful evaporation of the solution: [15] [16] Au(s) + HNO 3 (aq) + 4 HCl(aq) → H[AuCl 4](aq) + NO(g) + 2 H 2 O(l) Under some conditions, oxygen can be used as an oxidant. [17]
Aqua regia (Latin: "royal water") – a mixture of aqua fortis and spirit of salt. Aqua tofani – arsenic trioxide, As 2 O 3 (extremely poisonous) Aqua vitae /aqua vita/spirit of wine, ardent spirits – ethanol, formed by distilling wine [2] Butter (or oil) of antimony – antimony trichloride.
The fact that aqua regia typically is defined as a mixture of nitric acid and hydrochloric acid does not mean that hydrochloric acid was discovered before or simultaneously with aqua regia. The isolation of hydrochloric acid happened about 300 years later.
Aqua regia (HNO 3 + 3 HCl) Fenton's reagent (H 2 O 2 + Fe 2+) Green death (xH 2 SO 4 + yHCl + zFeCl 3 + wCuCl 2) Peroxydisulfuric acid, or Marshall's acid (H 2 S 2 O 8) Peroxymonosulfuric acid, or Caro's acid (H 2 SO 5) RCA clean (silicon wafer cleaning procedure) Chromic acid (H 2 CrO 4) Superhydrophilicity; Ultrahydrophobicity
Chloroauric acid is the product formed when gold dissolves in aqua regia. [15] On contact with water, AuCl 3 forms acidic hydrates and the conjugate base [AuCl 3 (OH)] −. A Fe 2+ ion may reduce it, causing elemental gold to be precipitated from the solution. [1] [16] Other chloride sources, such as KCl, also convert AuCl 3 into [AuCl 4] −.
Platinum being dissolved in hot aqua regia. Hexachloroplatinic acid may be produced via a variety of methods. The most common of these methods involves dissolution of platinum in aqua regia. Other methods include exposing an aqueous suspension of platinum particles to chlorine gas, or via electrolysis.
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