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Arion (/ ə ˈ r aɪ ə n /; Ancient Greek: Ἀρίων) was a kitharode in ancient Greece, a Dionysiac poet credited with inventing the dithyramb. The islanders of Lesbos claimed him as their native son, but Arion found a patron in Periander , tyrant of Corinth .
Attic relief (4th century BCE) depicting an aulos player and his family standing before Dionysos and a female consort, with theatrical masks displayed above. The dithyramb (/ ˈ d ɪ θ ɪ r æ m /; [1] Ancient Greek: διθύραμβος, dithyrambos) was an ancient Greek hymn sung and danced in honor of Dionysus, the god of wine and fertility; the term was also used as an epithet of the god. [2]
The dithyramb was originally improvised, but later written down before performance. The Greek chorus of up to 50 men and boys danced and sang in a circle, probably accompanied by an aulos, relating to some event in the life of Dionysus. [11] Scholars have made a number of suggestions about the way the dithyramb changed into tragedy.
By Thespis' time, the dithyramb had evolved far away from its cult roots. Under the influence of heroic epic, Doric choral lyric and the innovations of the poet Arion, it had become a narrative, ballad-like genre.
Dionysian Dithyrambs (German: Dionysos-Dithyramben), also called Dionysus-Dithyrambs, is a collection of nine poems written in second half of 1888 by Friedrich Nietzsche under the pen name of Dionysos.
In this the poet compares women to dolphins in the classical fable of Arion. [2] The whole passage constitutes an eulogium on woman— Youth playing the aulos and riding a dolphin. Red-figure stamnos, c. 360–40 BC Naked woman holding a whip riding a dolphin. Red-figure dinos, c. 370–30 BC. Gather thy greatness round, Arion! Stand in state,
Melanippides of Melos (Greek: Μελανιππίδης), one of the most celebrated lyric poets in the use of dithyramb, and an exponent of the "new music." Biography [ edit ]
Around this time, Arion developed the type of poem called dithyramb, the progenitor of tragedy, and Terpander invented the seven-note musical scale for the lyre. For a short period it was a member of the Athenian confederacy , its apostasy from which is recounted by Thucydides in the Mytilenian Debate , in Book III of his History of the ...