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Intraoperative blood salvage (IOS), also known as cell salvage, is a specific type of autologous blood transfusion. Specifically IOS is a medical procedure involving recovering blood lost during surgery and re-infusing it into the patient.
George Washington Crile is credited with performing the first surgery using a direct blood transfusion in 1906 at St. Alexis Hospital in Cleveland while a professor of surgery at Case Western Reserve University. [92] Jan Janský also discovered the human blood groups; in 1907 he classified blood into four groups: I, II, III, IV. [93]
Acute posthemorrhagic anemia or acute blood loss anemia is a condition in which a person quickly loses a large volume of circulating hemoglobin. Acute blood loss is usually associated with an incident of trauma or a severe injury resulting in a large loss of blood. It can also occur during or after a surgical procedure. [1]
Drop in hemoglobin level, fever, jaundice, or hemoglobinuria, as well as chills, abdominal pain, or back pain: Usual onset: Generally up to one month: Causes: Transfusion of mismatched blood types, reactivity of recipient's antibodies against donor's red blood cell proteins, or prior damage to red blood cells contained in transfusion products ...
Autotransfusion is a process wherein a person receives their own blood for a transfusion, instead of banked allogenic (separate-donor) blood.There are two main kinds of autotransfusion: Blood can be autologously "pre-donated" (termed so despite "donation" not typically referring to giving to one's self) before a surgery, or alternatively, it can be collected during and after the surgery using ...
A 2013 study of over 400,000 people admitted to US hospitals found that 74% developed anemia at some point during their hospital stay. [5] Iatrogenic anemia is of particular concern in intensive care medicine, [6]: 629 because people who are critically ill require frequent blood tests and have a higher risk of developing anemia due to lower hemoglobin levels and impaired production of red ...
In cases of hemorrhagic shock, hematocrit and hemoglobin can be severely decreased. However, with a reduction in plasma volume, hematocrit and hemoglobin can be increased due to hemoconcentration. [4] Low urinary sodium is commonly found in hypovolemic patients as the kidneys attempt to conserve sodium and water to expand the extracellular volume.
Drug-induced autoimmune hemolytic anemia causes a significant drop in hemoglobin and hematocrit. Occasionally DIIHA can present with mild leukocytosis. In its earlier stages patients with DIIHA will have low reticulocytes. As HIIHA progresses reticulocytes increase leading to an elevated mean corpuscular volume.