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[27] [28] At about the same time, Bowlby's former colleague, Mary Ainsworth was completing extensive observational studies on the nature of infant attachments in Uganda with Bowlby's ethological theories in mind. Mary Ainsworth's innovative methodology and comprehensive observational studies informed much of the theory, expanded its concepts ...
[146] [147] Schur, discussing Bowlby's use of ethological concepts (pre-1960) commented that concepts used in attachment theory had not kept up with changes in ethology itself. [148] Ethologists and others writing in the 1960s and 1970s questioned and expanded the types of behaviour used as indications of attachment. [ 149 ]
John Bowlby implemented this model in his attachment theory in order to explain how infants act in accordance with these mental representations. It is an important aspect of general attachment theory. Such internal working models guide future behavior as they generate expectations of how attachment figures will respond to one's behavior. [2]
However, throughout the 1950s, both Ainsworth and Bowlby began developing a three-pattern model centered on danger and survival. [4] In the 1960s, Ainsworth developed the first scientific method to assess attachment, called the strange situation. [5] The results of her assessments confirmed a three-pattern model.
[1] [3] The term was coined and subsequently developed over the course of four decades, from the early 1940s to the late 1970s, by psychologist John Bowlby in his work on attachment theory. [4] The core of the term affectional bond, according to Bowlby, is the attraction one individual has for another individual. The central features of the ...
John Bowlby and Mary Ainsworth developed a theory known as attachment theory after inadvertently studying children who were patients in a hospital at which they were working. Attachment theory explains how the parent-child relationship emerges and provides influence on subsequent behaviors and relationships.
Human ethology is the study of human behavior. Ethology as a discipline is generally thought of as a sub-category of biology, though psychological theories have been developed based on ethological ideas (e.g. sociobiology, evolutionary psychology, attachment theory, and theories about human universals such as gender differences, incest avoidance, mourning, hierarchy and pursuit of possession).
Mary Dinsmore Ainsworth (née Salter; December 1, 1913 – March 21, 1999) [1] was an American-Canadian developmental psychologist known for her work in the development of the attachment theory. She designed the strange situation procedure to observe early emotional attachment between a child and their primary caregiver .