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The power of twin designs arises from the fact that twins may be either identical (monozygotic (MZ), i.e. developing from a single fertilized egg and therefore sharing all of their polymorphic alleles) or fraternal (dizygotic (DZ), i.e. developing from two fertilized eggs and therefore sharing on average 50% of their alleles, the same level of genetic similarity found in non-twin siblings).
MTFS is a twin study established in June 1989 with 1300 same-gendered twin pairs age 11 or 17, with an additional cohort of 500 such pairs recruited around 2004. Twins were born between 1972 and 2000. [1] All twins born in Minnesota at that time were eligible to participate using birth registry data.
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Identical Strangers: A Memoir of Twins Separated and Reunited is a 2007 memoir written by identical twins Elyse Schein and Paula Bernstein and published by Random House. [1] The authors, born in New York City in 1968 to Leda Witt, daughter of Nathan Witt , were separated as infants, in part, to participate in a " nature versus nurture " twin ...
The Louisville Twin Study is a longitudinal twin study which was started in 1957 at the University of Louisville by Frank Falkner. It started with 885 twins that were born in metropolitan Louisville, Kentucky and these were randomly selected to cover the full demographic spectrum of its population. The main phase of activity was in the first 40 ...
Twin Research and Human Genetics is a peer-reviewed scientific journal published bimonthly by the Cambridge University Press. It is the official journal of the International Society for Twin Studies (ISTS) and the Human Genetics Society of Australasia .
The International Society for Twin Studies (ISTS) is an international, non-profit scientific organization. [1] The aim of the society is to advance research and knowledge in all fields of science related to twins and/or twin studies, for the benefit of both twins and their families as well as worldwide scientific communities.
Falconer's formula is a mathematical formula that is used in twin studies to estimate the relative contribution of genetic vs. environmental factors to variation in a particular trait (that is, the heritability of the trait) based on the difference between twin correlations. [2]