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A similar break into the most secure Japanese diplomatic cipher, designated Purple by the US Army Signals Intelligence Service, started before the US entered the war. Product from this source was called Magic. On the other side, German code breaking in World War II achieved some notable successes cracking British naval and other ciphers.
In World War I, the breaking of the Zimmermann Telegram was instrumental in bringing the United States into the war. In World War II , the Allies benefitted enormously from their joint success cryptanalysis of the German ciphers – including the Enigma machine and the Lorenz cipher – and Japanese ciphers, particularly 'Purple' and JN-25 .
Black Chamber cryptanalytic work sheet for solving a Japanese diplomatic cipher, 1919. Until World War I, the only codes and cypher organizations created by the U.S. government were short-lived agencies of the United States Armed Forces, such as the U.S. Army's Military Intelligence (MI-8).
In 1923, a US Navy officer acquired a stolen copy of the Secret Operating Code codebook used by the Imperial Japanese Navy during World War I. Photographs of the codebook were given to the cryptanalysts at the Research Desk and the processed code was kept in red-colored folders (to indicate its Top Secret classification). This code was called ...
The UK and US employed large numbers of women in their code-breaking operation, with close to 7,000 reporting to Bletchley Park [31] and 11,000 to the separate US Army and Navy operations, around Washington, DC. [32] By tradition in Japan and Nazi doctrine in Germany, women were excluded from war work, at least until late in the war. Even after ...
The Venona project was a United States counterintelligence program initiated during World War II by the United States Army's Signal Intelligence Service and later absorbed by the National Security Agency (NSA), that ran from February 1, 1943, until October 1, 1980. [1]
The Signal Intelligence Service (SIS) was the United States Army codebreaking division through World War II. It was founded in 1930 to compile codes for the Army. It was renamed the Signal Security Agency in 1943, and in September 1945, became the Army Security Agency. [1]
Herbert Osborn Yardley (April 13, 1889 – August 7, 1958) was an American cryptologist.He founded and led the cryptographic organization the Black Chamber.Under Yardley, the cryptanalysts of The American Black Chamber broke Japanese diplomatic codes and were able to furnish American negotiators with significant information during the Washington Naval Conference of 1921–1922.