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A fixed-wing aircraft is a heavier-than-air aircraft, such as an airplane, which is capable of flight using aerodynamic lift. Fixed-wing aircraft are distinct from rotary-wing aircraft (in which a rotor mounted on a spinning shaft generates lift), and ornithopters (in which the wings oscillate to generate
Some rotary wing aircraft are designed to stop the rotor for forward flight so that it then acts as a fixed wing. For vertical flight and hovering it spins to act as a rotary wing or rotor, and for forward flight at speed it stops to act as a fixed wing providing some or all of the lift required. Additional fixed wings may also be provided to ...
The various types of such rotor wings may be classified according to the axis of the rotor. Types include: [1] [2] Vertical-axis. Conventional rotary wings as used by modern rotorcraft. Spanwise horizontal-axis. Wing rotor: an airfoil-section horizontal-axis rotor which creates the primary lift. Magnus rotor: a rotor which creates lift via the ...
A fixed-wing aircraft may have more than one wing plane, stacked one above another: Biplane: two wing planes of similar size, stacked one above the other.The biplane is inherently lighter and stronger than a monoplane and was the most common configuration until the 1930s.
This is a list of large aircraft, including three types: fixed wing, rotary wing, and airships.. The US Federal Aviation Administration defines a large aircraft as any aircraft with a certificated maximum takeoff weight (MTOW) of more than 12,500 lb (5,700 kg) [1]
Aircraft flight mechanics are relevant to fixed wing (gliders, aeroplanes) and rotary wing (helicopters) aircraft.An aeroplane (airplane in US usage), is defined in ICAO Document 9110 as, "a power-driven heavier than air aircraft, deriving its lift chiefly from aerodynamic reactions on surface which remain fixed under given conditions of flight".
The rotors are designed to operate at a fixed RPM [3] [4] [5] (within a narrow range of a few percent), [6] [7] but a few experimental aircraft used variable speed rotors. [8] Unlike the small diameter fans used in turbofan jet engines, the main rotor on a helicopter has a large diameter that lets it accelerate a large volume of air. This ...
The QTR is a larger, four rotor version of the V-22 with two tandem wings sets of fixed wings and four tilting rotors. In January 2013, the FAA defined US tiltrotor noise rules to comply with ICAO rules. A noise certification will cost $588,000, same as for a large helicopter. [15] [16]