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The writing of the civil code was an attempt on the part of Al-Sanhuri to modernize Islamic law by adopting ideas from western civil law, a concept greatly supported by the elite members of Egyptian society. Westernization meant confining certain Islamic law to mostly matters dealing with personal status such as marriage, divorce, and inheritance.
National Identity Card, officially known as the Identity Verification Card in Egypt, is a personal identification document issued by the Civil Registry Authority, which operates under the jurisdiction of the Egyptian Ministry of Interior. The card serves as identifying Egyptian citizens, in compliance with Law No. 143 of 1994 on Civil Status.
The Egyptian Civil Code is the prime source of civil law, and has been the source of law and inspiration for numerous other Middle Eastern jurisdictions, including pre-dictatorship Libya and Iraq as well as Qatar. [citation needed] Egypt's Civil Code governs "the areas of personal rights, contracts, obligations, and torts."
The judicial system (or judicial branch) of Egypt is an independent branch of the Egyptian government which includes both secular and religious courts. The Judiciary of Egypt consists of administrative and non-administrative courts, a Supreme Constitutional Court, penal courts, civil and commercial courts, personal status and family courts, national security courts, labour courts, military ...
The Egyptian personal status law of 1954 is applied. The personal status law is based on Sharia and regulates matters related to inheritance, marriage, divorce and child custody. Shari’a courts hear cases related to personal status. The testimony of a woman is worth only half of that of a man in cases related to marriage, divorce and child ...
Egyptian nationality law is regulated by the Constitution of Egypt, as amended; the Egyptian Nationality Law, and its revisions; and various international agreements to which the country is a signatory. [1] [2] These laws determine who is, or is eligible to be, a national of Egypt. [3]
Under the new personal status law (Egypt) passed on January 29, 2000 however, divorces from 'Urfi marriages are now recognized. While the new Egyptian law recognizes the woman's right to seek divorce from an 'Urfi marriage, the law however does not allow for claims for alimony and child support.
Preserved parliamentary seats for women and the 1979 personal status law were repealed in 1987, a new watered-down law taking its place that allowed less power for women in cases of divorce. [12] The migration of a large number of Egyptians, mostly men, has also affected the status of Egyptian women.