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Obstetrics and gynaecology (also spelled as obstetrics and gynecology; abbreviated as Obst and Gynae, O&G, OB-GYN and OB/GYN [a]) is the medical specialty that encompasses the two subspecialties of obstetrics (covering pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartum period) and gynaecology (covering the health of the female reproductive system ...
It is often paired with the field of obstetrics, which focuses on pregnancy and childbirth, thereby forming the combined area of obstetrics and gynaecology (OB-GYN). The term comes from Greek and means ' the science of women '. [1] [2] Its counterpart is andrology, which deals with medical issues specific to the male reproductive system. [3]
Obstetrics entered a stage of stagnation in the 19th century, which lasted until about the 1880s. [77]: 96–98 The central explanation for the lack of advancement during this time was the rejection of obstetrics by the medical community. [91] The 19th century marked an era of medical reform in Europe and increased regulation over the profession.
Obstetric medicine, similar to maternal medicine, is a sub-specialty of general internal medicine and obstetrics that specializes in process of prevention, diagnosing, and treating medical disorders in with pregnant humans. [1]
Obstetrics can be described as all of the following: Medicine – medicine is the science and art of healing. It encompasses a variety of health care practices evolved to maintain and restore health by the prevention and treatment of illness in human beings. Medical specialty – branch of medical science. After completing medical school ...
Terms such as "gravida 0", referring to a nulligravida, "gravida 1" for a primigravida, and so on, can also be used. The term "elderly primigravida" has also been used to refer to a female in their first pregnancy who is at least 35 years old. [7] Advanced maternal age can be a risk factor for some birth defects.
Obstetrics & Gynecology is the official publication of ACOG. It is popularly known as "The Green Journal". [7] In 1986, the organization successfully challenged an anti-abortion law in Pennsylvania before the U.S. Supreme Court in Thornburgh v. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. [8]
Obstetrics & Gynecology (OB/GYN) offices; Midwife practice; Community clinics [2] In the U.S. and Canada, the professional nursing organization for obstetrical nurses is the Association of Women's Health, Obstetric and Neonatal Nursing (AWHONN).