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Owing to its flammability, Anderson named the new substance pyridine, after Greek: πῦρ (pyr) meaning fire. The suffix idine was added in compliance with the chemical nomenclature, as in toluidine, to indicate a cyclic compound containing a nitrogen atom. [30] [31] The chemical structure of pyridine was determined decades after its discovery.
Pyridine-N-oxide is the heterocyclic compound with the formula C 5 H 5 NO. This colourless, hygroscopic solid is the product of the oxidation of pyridine. It was originally prepared using peroxyacids as the oxidising agent. The compound is used infrequently as an oxidizing reagent in organic synthesis. [1]
The direct amination of pyridine with sodium amide can take place in liquid ammonia or an aprotic solvent such as xylene is commonly used. Following the addition elimination mechanism first a nucleophilic NH 2 − is added while a hydride (H − ) is leaving.
3-methyl pyridine is biodegradable, although it degrades more slowly and volatilize more readily from water samples than either 2-methyl- or 4-methyl-pyridine., [7] [8] 3-Methylpyridine is the main precursor to niacin , one of the B vitamins .
Knowing the structure of a similar homologous sequence (for example a member of the same protein family) allows highly accurate prediction of the tertiary structure by homology modeling. If the full-length protein sequence is available, it is possible to estimate its general biophysical properties , such as its isoelectric point .
PyMol ribbon of the structure of the tubby protein (One popular program used for drawing ribbon diagrams is Molscript. Molscript utilizes Hermite splines to create coordinates for coils, turns, strands, and helices. The curve passes through all its control points (Cα atoms) guided by direction vectors.
The molecule consists of a pyrrodinyl group ((CH 2) 4 N-) attached via N to the 4-position of pyridine. It is a white solid. The compound has attracted interest because it (pK a = 9.58) is more basic than dimethylaminopyridine (pK a = 9.41). [1] It is a popular base catalyst. [2]
Bipyridines are a family of organic compounds with the formula (C 5 H 4 N) 2, consisting of two pyridyl (C 5 H 4 N) rings. Pyridine is an aromatic nitrogen-containing heterocycle. The bipyridines are all colourless solids, which are soluble in organic solvents and slightly soluble in water.