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X-linked recessive inheritance. X-linked recessive inheritance is a mode of inheritance in which a mutation in a gene on the X chromosome causes the phenotype to be always expressed in males (who are necessarily hemizygous for the gene mutation because they have one X and one Y chromosome) and in females who are homozygous for the gene mutation, see zygosity.
X. X-linked agammaglobulinemia; X-linked complicated corpus callosum dysgenesis; Template:X-linked disorders; X-linked dystonia parkinsonism; X-linked intellectual disability; X-linked recessive chondrodysplasia punctata; X-linked sideroblastic anemia and spinocerebellar ataxia; X-linked spinal muscular atrophy type 2; XMEN disease
X-linked genetic disorders can arise when there is a spontaneous and permanent change in the DNA sequence of an X-linked gene, known as mutation. Traits or diseases caused by X chromosome genes follow X-linked inheritance, the difference between recessive and dominant inheritance affects the probability of an offspring acquiring it from the ...
Wilson disease: ATP7B: recessive 1:30,000 Woodhouse–Sakati syndrome: C2ORF37 (2q22.3–q35) recessive Wolf–Hirschhorn syndrome: 4p16.3: dominant, often de novo 1:50,000 Xeroderma pigmentosum: 15 ERCC4: recessive X-linked intellectual disability and macroorchidism (fragile X syndrome) X: X-linked spinal-bulbar muscle atrophy (spinal and ...
Illustration of some X-linked heredity outcomes (A) the affected father has one X-linked dominant allele, the mother is homozygous for the recessive allele: only daughters (all) will be affected. (B) the affected mother is heterozygous with one copy of the X-linked dominant allele: both daughters and sons will have 50% probability to be ...
X-linked intellectual disability refers to medical disorders associated with X-linked recessive inheritance that result in intellectual disability. As with most X-linked disorders, males are more heavily affected than females. [1] Females with one affected X chromosome and one normal X chromosome tend to have milder symptoms.
A 2022 statement from the World Health Organization (WHO), defines the term this way: “Disease X is [used] to indicate an unknown pathogen that could cause a serious international epidemic.”
X-linked dominant traits do not necessarily affect males more than females (unlike X-linked recessive traits). The exact pattern of inheritance varies, depending on whether the father or the mother has the trait of interest. All fathers that are affected by an X-linked dominant disorder will have affected daughters but not affected sons.